话语背后的话语:对“科学唱法”的多重解读  

The Discourse Behind Words:Multiple Interpretations of“Science-singing Technique”

作　　者：张燚 Zhang Yi

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学音乐学院 [2]海南师范大学海南省民族艺术传承创新研究基地

出　　处：《艺术传播研究》2024年第1期75-87,共13页Journal of Art Communication

基　　金：国家社会科学基金艺术学重大项目“新中国文艺院团发展史研究”(编号:20ZD06);海南省哲学社会科学规划项目海南省民族艺术传承创新研究基地课题“海南自贸港视野下的黎歌传承与发展研究”(编号:JD21-28)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：“科学唱法”一词在我国音乐界被广泛使用。这一概念由20世纪中叶“科学的”美声唱法开始,经过20世纪80年代“美声唱法是科学的唱法”这一表达方式的流行,终在20世纪末“加冕”“科学唱法”的“桂冠”。认识“科学唱法”话语的发展历程不能仅从唱法本身着眼;从根本上说,是不同历史条件下的国情及话语力量决定着“科学唱法”之盛衰。“科学”是近代、现代、当代中国话语中的核心概念之一,若不厘清“科学”“科学主义”“科学神话”“反科学主义”等话语的情况,就不足以充分认识“科学唱法”。“科学唱法”作为当今音乐界典型的非艺术话语,有成为霸权的态势,恐束缚我国声乐艺术的良性发展。声乐艺术不需要“科学唱法”,但亟需科学精神。The term“science-singing technique”is widely used in the art community,especially in the music circles in China,and has a profound impact.This concept began with the“scientific”Bel canto singing technique in the mid-20th century,and after the popularity of the expression“Bel canto singing technique”is quite scientific in the 1980s,it was finally crowned with the“science-singing technique”at the end of the 20th century.The development process of understanding the discourse of“science-singing technique”cannot be solely focused on the singing technique itself;Fundamentally speaking,it is the national conditions and discourse power under different historical conditions that determine the rise and fall of“science-singing technique”.“Science”is one of the core concepts in modern and contemporary Chinese discourse.Without clarifying the situation of various types of discourse such as science,scientism,science-mythology,and anti-scientism,it is not sufficient to fully understand“science-singing technique”.As a typical non-artistic discourse in today’s music circles,“science-singing technique”has become a hegemonic trend,which may hinder the healthy development of China’s vocal art.Vocal art does not require“science-singing technique”,but urgently requires a scientific spirit.

关 键 词：声乐艺术 科学唱法 “土洋之争” 科学主义 

分 类 号：J616[艺术—音乐]