柏拉图情感哲学的历史生成与理论转型  

The Theoretical Development and the Renewal of Plato's Philosophy of Emotions

作　　者：高源 GAO Yuan

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学人文学院哲学系,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学欧洲文化高等研究院

出　　处：《学术月刊》2023年第12期16-24,共9页Academic Monthly

基　　金：芬兰科学院国家重大攻关项目“The Impact of Religious Values on Chinese Social Life”(FIN-314707);国家科技部国家外国专家团队项目“冰上丝绸之路”(DL2022134001L);上海交通大学文科创新团队“北欧哲学与文化传播”(WKCX029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：虽然古希腊史诗中不乏英雄与神谱情感现象的描绘,但首次对情感类型及本质进行哲学系统化阐述的乃是柏拉图。柏拉图情感理论的生成经历了复杂的历史调整过程。通过对柏拉图不同阶段代表作的剖析,可以看到其情感心理学经历了灵肉二分到心灵三分的发展轨迹,其中透射出动态三重内循环模态的情感心灵学结构。然而,我们不应将其成熟期作品《理想国》视为柏拉图情感观的最终定位,而更应看到他晚年《蒂迈欧篇》《法律篇》等系列著作对情感功用所做的积极化调整以及理论转型,从而为西方情感哲学价值塑造奠定了重要基石。Plato's philosophy of emotions takes a significant role in shaping the Western spirit of values.While the ancient Greek epics involves a great deal of descriptions of emotional phenomena in heroes and gods,the first systematic philosophical exploration was originated from Plato.The shaping of his philosophy of emotions underwent a long and complicated process.Attending to various phases of Plato's writings,I shall argue that his theory of the emotional soul has experienced a transformation of the soul-body dichotomy to the tripartite theory of the soul,in which a dynamic model of inner circulating and compounded structures has been developed.However,this inner theoretical contribution cannot be viewed as the final orientation in Plato's The Republic.Instead,we should pay more attention to a positive adjustment of the functions of emotions in his late philosophical writings such as Timaeus and the Laws,which provided a solid foundation for Western ethical values and the philosophical tradition of emotions.

关 键 词：柏拉图 西方情感哲学传统 古希腊史诗渊源 情感心灵结构论 晚期理论转型 

分 类 号：B5[哲学宗教—外国哲学]