心理学视域下的运动员退役过渡:挑战与应对  

Challenge and Response:A Psychological Analysis on Athletes'Transition from Sport to Retirement

作　　者：孙拥军 段再复 李晓东 刘海莉[4] 李倩[4] 于晓熹[4] 王赞[4] 于晶[5] SUN Yongjun;DUAN Zaifu;LI Xiaodong;LIU Haili;LI Qian;YU Xiaoxi;WANG Zan;YU Jing(College of Physical Education and Humanities,Nanjing Sport University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210046;School of Physical education,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100;Biomedical and Health Industry Research Center,Huaihua University,Huaihua Hunan 418000;School of Physical Education,Shenyang Sport University,Shenyang Liaoning 110102;College of Sports Science,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang Liaoning 110034)

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院体育教育与人文学院,江苏南京210046 [2]江苏科技大学体育学院,江苏镇江212100 [3]怀化学院生物医药与健康产业研究中心,湖南怀化418000 [4]沈阳体育学院体育教育学院,辽宁沈阳110102 [5]沈阳师范大学体育科学学院,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2023年第4期64-69,84,共7页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

摘　　要：运动员退役过渡是运动员职业转型的重要阶段。在这个过程中,运动员通常要面对来自高水平运动员身份认同及低自主性等因素带来的消极影响。降低运动员身份认同、提升退役过渡中的主动性、改善非自主性退役产生的心理体验并建立完善的社会支持系统,能够从认知、情绪及行为层面提高运动员的退役质量。运动员的自主性退役过程会贡献更多的积极退役致因。未来研究应在运动员身份认同调整、职业生涯规划、社会支持系统构建与心理健康水平提升等方面投入更多关注。Transition from sport to retirement is an important step in athletes'career development.In this process,athletes usually face negative impacts from the transition from high athletic identity and low self-reliance.Reducing high athletic identity,encouraging initiative,improving the psychological experience of involuntary retirement and setting up social support can improve the psychological well-being of career transition.The voluntary retirement will contribute to the quality of athletes'career transition.Future research should focus on adjustment of athletic identity,career planning,social support and mental health in transition process.

关 键 词：运动员身份认同 自主性 职业生涯规划 心理健康 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]