基于浅剖数据的海底底质分类研究与应用  

Research and Application of Seafloor Substrate Classification Based on Shallow Dissection Data

作　　者：路允乾 杨力 谭玉芳[1,2] 张浩浩 LU Yunqian;YANG Li;TAN Yufang;ZHANG Haohao(Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,Guangzhou 510075,China;National Engineering Research Center for Natural Gas Hydrate Exploration and Development,Guangzhou 510075,China)

机构地区：[1]广州海洋地质调查局,广东广州510075 [2]天然气水合物勘查开发国家工程研究中心,广东广州510075

出　　处：《海洋技术学报》2023年第6期70-77,共8页Journal of Ocean Technology

基　　金：广州市自然科学基金资助项目(202201011367);广州海洋地质调查局创新团队项目(2022GMGSCXYF41011);中国地质调查局基础调查项目(DD20221700,DD20230063)。

摘　　要：海底浅部沉积物声学研究是海洋地质、水下工程地质、海底矿产资源、军事地质等领域重要的研究内容,海底底质的识别与分类是海洋科学研究的热点问题。相比多波束探测仪,浅地层剖面仪的声源发射频率更低,具有穿透底质能力强的特点,这一特性更有利于进行准确和可靠的海底底质分类。通过浅剖数据进行底质分类技术研究,有望实现目标研究区面向全海域的海底底质分类推广应用。本文在浅剖数据振幅校正处理的基础上,消除了不同采集时间及采集参数对浅剖数据振幅一致性的影响,在层位约束下提取均方根振幅属性,进行研究区海底底质类型识别。初步的取样结果表明:研究区有2类不同的底质类型,分别为黏土和粉砂质黏土。本文对浅剖数据的底质分类结果分区明显且自然,在不同类型底质区的取样处对应不同的均方根振幅强度,黏土取样区的浅剖振幅属性为强振幅,粉砂质黏土取样区的浅剖振幅属性为弱振幅,底质分类结果与地质取样匹配良好。利用本文的浅剖处理与属性提取方法能够有效地实现海洋底质分类。Acoustic study of shallow subsurface sediment on the seafloor is an important research topic in fields such as marine geology,underwater engineering geology,submarine mineral resources,and military geology.The identification and classification of seafloor sediment is a hot topic in marine science research.Compared to multibeam echosounders,shallow seismic profilers have lower sound source frequencies and stronger penetration capabilities,making them more suitable for accurate and reliable seafloor sediment classification.Through the study of seafloor sediment using shallow seismic profiler data,it is possible to achieve the promotion and application of seafloor sediment classification in target research areas across the entire ocean.Based on the amplitude correction of shallow seismic profiler data,this article eliminates the influence of different acquisition times and acquisition parameters on the consistency of shallow seismic profiler data amplitudes,extracts root mean square amplitude properties under layer constraints,and identifies seafloor sediment types in the study area.Preliminary sampling results show that there are two different types of sediment in the study area,namely clay and sandy clay.The seafloor sediment classification results in this article are clearly and naturally divided into different zones,with corresponding root mean square amplitude strengths at sampling sites in different sediment zones.The shallow seismic profiler amplitude properties in clay sampling areas are strong,while the shallow seismic profiler amplitude properties in sandy clay sampling areas are weak.The seafloor sediment classification results match well with geological samples,and the research results show that the shallow seismic profiler processing and property extraction method in this article can effectively achieve marine sediment classification.

关 键 词：底质分类 浅地层剖面 振幅校正 

分 类 号：P67[天文地球—海洋地质]