价值链视角下中国新能源汽车产业网络及其机制  

Network and mechanism of China's new energy vehicle industry from the perspective of value chain

作　　者：何瑶 杨永春[1,2] 王绍博 HE Yao;YANG Yongchun;WANG Shaobo(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of County Economic Development,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]兰州大学县域经济发展研究院,兰州730000

出　　处：《地理学报》2023年第12期3018-3036,共19页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971198);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK1005)。

摘　　要：基于2015年和2021年中国新能源汽车核心产业链的上市公司数据,从价值链视角构建其产业网络,运用社会网络和负二项回归模型等方法,研究不同价值环节网络的特征、演变、差异及形成机制。结果表明:①研发型、生产型和服务型网络规模同步扩张,均向效率更高的“小世界”网络演化;度分布均始终呈现幂律分布且指数均下降,网络异质性增强;各价值环节节点度呈显著正相关性,同一节点在不同网络中的重要性相似;②除服务型网络中始终无权力型节点,其余各环节的权力—威望、权力和威望型节点数量均在增加,具有不同程度的集聚指向:研发型网络中节点具有总部所在地及高等级城市指向,服务型具有直辖市、副省级及省会城市指向,生产型具有传统生产基地指向。③各价值环节在追求不同要素禀赋和集聚效应下形成不同的集聚类型,并形成了具有各自特征的最强联系产业网络结构。在社会、技术和地理邻近影响下研发网络始终为一体化联系紧密的多个核心—边缘结构社群;在社会、地理和制度邻近影响下服务型网络由一体化联系紧密的多个核心—边缘结构社群向多个核心—半边缘—边缘结构社群转变;在社会、地理和行政边界制度邻近的影响下生产型网络由部分一体化的核心—边缘结构社群向分散化多个独立的核心—边缘结构社群演化。Based on the data of listed companies in the core industry chain of China's new energy vehicles in 2015 and 2021,this paper constructs their industrial network from the perspective of the value chain,and uses methods such as social network and negative binomial regression model to study the characteristics,evolution,differences,and formation mechanisms of different value chain networks.The results show that:(1)R&D-oriented,production-oriented,and service-oriented networks share several common features:These networks are simultaneously expanding in scale and transitioning towards more efficient"small world"network;The degree distribution in these networks follows a power-law distribution,indicating a scale-free network structure;There is a decrease in the power-law exponent of network's degree distribution,indicating an increase in network heterogeneity.Furthermore,there is a significant positive correlation between the degrees of nodes in networks with diverse value chains,suggesting that the same node holds a similar level of significance across different networks.(2)The number of power-prestige,power and prestige nodes increases in the networks of all value chain segments,except in the service-oriented network,where there are no power nodes.In each value chain network,these nodes have different agglomeration directions.In R&D-oriented network,the nodes tend to cluster around headquarters and high-level cities.In contrast,service-oriented network shows a concentration of nodes in municipalities,sub-provincial and provincial capitals.Similarly,production-oriented network demonstrates a clustering of nodes in traditional production bases.(3)Different value-added segments of industry form different types of agglomeration in pursuit of different factor endowments and agglomeration effect,and form the spatial structure of the strongest connection industrial network with different characteristics.The R&D-oriented networks have always been an integrated and closely connected multiple core-periphery structure community

关 键 词：价值链 新能源汽车产业 上市公司 产业网络 核心—边缘结构 中国 

分 类 号：F426.471[经济管理—产业经济]