基于气相色谱-离子迁移色谱法结合分光测色仪技术分析不同胆汁及其所制胆南星的差异性  

Analysis on the difference of different bile and Arisaema Cum Bile made by GC-IMS combined with spectrophotometer technology

作　　者：武旭 钟恋[2] 王晶[1] 邹婷 杨凯 贺素容 吴亚楠[1] 问思华 张桥[1] 赵重博[1] WU Xu;ZHONG Lian;WANG Jing;ZOU Ting;YANG Kai;HE Surong;WU Yanan;WEN Sihua;ZHANG Qiao;ZHAO Chongbo(Shaanxi Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Inheritance Base Construction Project,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,China;School of Pharmacy,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学陕西省中药炮制技术传承基地,咸阳712046 [2]成都中医药大学药学院,成都611137

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2023年第12期5700-5708,共9页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(No.81803732);陕西省教育厅自然科学项目(No.20JK0598);陕西省创新人才推进计划-科技创新团队(No.2018TD-005);陕西省科技计划项目(No.2021SF-385);陕西省中药炮制技术传承基地建设项目(No.138010015)。

摘　　要：目的:检测不同胆汁及其发酵制成的胆南星颜色和挥发性成分的差异,通过颜色-气味相关性为胆南星的“辨状论质”提供科学依据。方法:采用气相色谱-离子迁移色谱法(GC-IMS)结合分光测色仪(电子眼)技术比较不同胆汁及其发酵炮制的胆南星样品中挥发性成分气味和颜色量化值的影响,并探讨胆南星风味-色泽的相关性。结果:挥发性气味物质在各样品中的分布为:猪胆汁中主要有2-甲基-1-丙醇、2-甲基丙醛、氨等;羊胆汁中主要有乙酸乙酯、2-甲基丁醛、1-戊烯-3-醇等;牛胆汁中主要有丙酮、2-丁酮、3-甲基-1-丁醇等。猪胆南星中主要有乙酸甲酯、丁醇等;羊胆南星中主要有1-戊醇、1.8-桉叶素等;牛胆南星中主要有2-甲基丙醛、2-丁醇等。电子眼检测到3种胆汁中牛胆汁颜色最绿且偏亮黄;猪胆汁和羊胆汁绿色度值接近,但羊胆汁偏黄。3种胆南星中牛胆南星与自身胆汁颜色特点相近;猪胆南星和羊胆南星绿色度和亮度值接近,但猪胆南星偏黄。相关性分析发现,亮度值(L^(*))和黄蓝度值(b^(*))与氨、二甲基硫醚等呈显著负相关;红绿色度(a^(*))与酯类和醇类呈显著正相关。结论:猪、牛、羊胆汁及其制成的胆南星的颜色和气味存在差异,伴有特殊香气。采用GC-IMS结合电子眼技术可快速辨别不同胆汁制成的胆南星,可为胆南星的“辨状论质”提供数据支撑。Objective:To detect the differences of color and volatile components of different bile and its fermented Arisaema Cum Bile,and to provide a scientific basis for the'differentiation of appearance and quality'of Arisaema Cum Bile through color-flavour correlation,Methods:The quantitative values of volatile components and color in different bile and Arisaema Cum Bile samples prepared by fermentation were compared by gas chromatography ion mobility chromatography(GC-IMS)combined with spectrophotometer(electronic eye),and the correlation was analyzed.Results:There were obvious differences in flavour substances in all samples.There were mainly 2-methyl-1-propanol,2-methylpropionaldehyde and ammonia in pig bile;sheep bile mainly contained ethyl acetate,2-methylbutyraldehyde,I-penten-3-ol,and so on;acetone,2-butanone and 3-methyl-1-butanol were mainly found in bovine bile.Methyl acetate and butanol were mainly found in Arisaema Cum Bile(pig);Arisaema Cum Bile(sheep)mainly contained 1-pentanol,1,8-cineole,and so on;Arisaema Cum Bile(bovine)mainly contained 2-butylic aldehyde,2-butanol,and so on.The electronic eye detected that the color of bovine bile was the greenest and yellowish.The greenness values of pig bile and sheep bile were similar,but the sheep bile was yellowish.Among the three species of Arisaema Cum Bile,Arisaema Cum Bile(Bovine)was the greenest and brighter yellow.The greenness and brightness of Arisaema Cum Bile(Pig)and Arisaema Cum Bile(sheep)were similar,but Arisaema Cum Bile(pig)was yellowish.Correlation analysis showed that the higher the brightness value(L^(*))and yellowness value(b^(*)),the lower the volatile components such as ammonia and dimethyl sulfide,and the higher the volatile components such as esters and alcohols.Conclusion:The bile of pigs,bovine and sheep and the Arisaema Cum Bile made from them are different in color and smell,with special aroma.GC-IMS and electronic eye technology can be used to quickly identify the Arisaema Cum Bile made of different bile,which can provide data support

关 键 词：胆南星 发酵 气相色谱-离子迁移色谱法 分光测色仪 相关性 胆汁 炮制 挥发性成分 颜色 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] O657[医药卫生—中医学]