重塑交往:校园欺凌行为的发生机制与防治路径——基于37名欺凌卷入者的访谈  

Research on Formation Mechanism and Control Path of School Bullying Behaviors from the Perspective of Communicative Action Theory

作　　者：曹文 张香兰[2] CAO Wen;ZHANG Xiang-lan(School of Marxism,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;School of Educational Science,Lu Dong University,Yantai Shandong 264011,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技大学马克思主义学院,重庆401331 [2]鲁东大学教育科学学院,烟台264011

出　　处：《山东青年政治学院学报》2024年第1期52-57,78,共7页Journal of Shandong Youth University of Political Science

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划项目“青少年‘饭圈’欺凌的生成机制及干预体系构建研究”(2021BS095);重庆市教委人文社会科学研究一般项目“新工科背景下地方高校思想政治教育‘三体四感五原六环’实践育人模式研究”(23SKSZ056)。

摘　　要：学生交往的基本范式与过程可作为评判青少年社会认知水平的内在依据,并影响着学生欺凌行为的选择。基于哈贝马斯的交往行为理论,结合对37名中小学欺凌者、被欺凌者的深度访谈发现,校园欺凌行为的发生源于以自我为中心、虚假接受规范、伪装经验表达、偏离生活世界。防治校园欺凌应以重塑交往为目标:扩充理解向度,发挥有效沟通的积极作用;加强规则教育,凝聚他律与自律教育合力;转变互动模式,唤醒旁观者积极角色意识;明确交往导向,把握生活世界的价值意蕴。The basic paradigm and process of student interaction can serve as an internal basis for evaluating the social cognitive level of adolescents and influence their choice of bullying behaviors.Based on Habermas'theory of communicative action,we in-depth interview 37 primary and secondary school bullies and victims.It is found that school bullying can be seen as self centered purposeful behavior by bullies,false acceptance of norms by bullies,irrational situational interactions between bullies and bystanders,and deviate from"life world"between bullies and victims.The goal of preventing and treating school bullying is to reshape communication.This needs expand understanding and play a positive role in effective communication;strengthen rule education and consolidate the joint efforts of heteronomy and self-discipline education;change the interactive mode and awaken the positive role awareness of bystanders;clarify the direction of communication and grasp the value implications of the"life world".

关 键 词：交往行为理论 校园欺凌 发生机制 防治路径 

分 类 号：C913.5[经济管理]