基于改进SSD算法的结构表观裂缝病害检测  

Structural Apparent Crack Disease Detection Based on Improved SSD Algorithm

作　　者：刘永胜[1,2] 熊吉光 游志杰 吴勋杰 翟天正 Liu Yongsheng;Xiong Jiguang;You Zhijie;Wu Xunjie;Zhai Tianzheng(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Mines,Anhui University of Science&Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学土木建筑学院,江西南昌330013 [2]安徽理工大学深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《华东交通大学学报》2023年第6期1-7,共7页Journal of East China Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51664014);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(2022-S510)。

摘　　要：将SSD网络原有Backbone替换为轻量级的MobileNetV2网络,同时引入通道注意力机制SENet结构对特征图不同通道施加不同权重,使之能更有利于检测。利用3种不同环境下裂缝数据进行融合,构建新数据集,使网络能更优学习到不同环境下裂缝对象,进一步提高网络的识别能力,加快网络的推理速度。原SSD网络中Anchor是按照通用数据集进行设定的,而进行结构表面裂缝检测时关注的数据类型较为单一,运用K-means算法聚类出适合裂缝数据集的Anchor,加快模型收敛且较原模型有更高的准确性。最终,改进后算法的精确率较先前增加了3.6%,检测速度是先前的2倍多,可满足实时检测,算法可为实际工程中检测结构表观裂缝病害提供一种更快速、更精确的检测方法。The original backbone of the SSD network was replaced with a lightweight MobileNetV2 network.At the same time,the channel attention mechanism SENet structure was introduced to apply different weights to different channels of the feature map,making it more conducive to detection.Using the crack data in three different environments to fuse,a new data set was built so that the network can better learn crack objects in different environments,further improving the network′s recognition ability and speeding up the network′s reasoning speed.The anchor in the original SSD network were set according to the general data set,and the data type concerned in the detection of structural surface cracks was relatively single.The K-means algorithm was used to cluster the anchor suitable for the crack data set,which speeded up the convergence of the model and was more efficient than the original one.The model had higher accuracy.Finally,the accuracy of the improved algorithm is 3.6%higher than that of the previous one,and the detection speed is as much as 2 times that of the previous one,which is enough to meet real-time detection,the algorithm can provide a faster and more accurate detection method for the detection of structural apparent cracks in practical engineering.

关 键 词：目标检测 表观病害 裂缝识别 SSD算法 注意力机制 

分 类 号：TU37[建筑科学—结构工程] U25[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]