褪黑素对泌乳中期奶牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Melatonin on Ruminal Fermentation Parameters and Microflora of Dairy Cows in Mid-Lactation Period

作　　者：李云梦 宋晨歌 张琦智 臧长江 南冰禹 仇娅琪 刘拓 李晓斌 陈开旭 米热古丽·依马木 院东 王永力 杨开伦 LI Yunmeng;SONG Chenge;ZHANG Qizhi;ZANG Changjiang;NAN Bingyu;QIU Yaqi;LIU Tuo;LI Xiaobin;CHEN Kaixu;MIREGULI Yimamu;YUAN Dong;WANG Yongli;YANG Kailun(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Herbivore Nutrition for Meat&Milk,College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Agricultural Development Service Center of Hongshan Farm,13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Hami 839202,China;Xinjiang Changrong Feed Co.,Ltd.,Changji 831100,China;Xinjiang Jiahe Ruixin Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆肉乳用草食动物营养实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第十三师红山农场农业发展服务中心,哈密839202 [3]新疆长荣饲料有限公司,昌吉831100 [4]新疆佳和瑞鑫农牧科技有限公司,昌吉831100

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第12期7879-7891,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室项目“添喂褪黑素对奶牛乳腺炎防治效果及作用机制的研究”(2020D04034)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究褪黑素对泌乳中期奶牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系的影响。选择泌乳日龄[(143±43)d]、胎次[(2.75±1.23)胎]、产奶量[(36.80±4.18)kg]相近的荷斯坦奶牛48头,随机分为4组,每组12头,每头为1个重复。在饲喂基础饲粮的基础上,3个试验组分别补饲80(试验Ⅰ组)、120(试验Ⅱ组)、160 mg/d(试验Ⅲ组)的褪黑素,投喂时预先将褪黑素分装于可食用的糯米胶囊中,而对照组则补饲空的糯米胶囊。褪黑素于每日晨饲时进行投喂,试验期37 d,其中预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组奶牛瘤胃液中氨态氮浓度显著升高(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组奶牛瘤胃液中丙酸浓度均显著升高(P<0.05)。瘤胃液中总挥发性脂肪酸浓度随褪黑素补饲量的增加有所升高,但各试验组与对照组相比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)在门水平上,与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组瘤胃菌群中厚壁菌门的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组瘤胃菌群中螺旋菌门的相对丰度均显著降低(P<0.05)。3)在属水平上,与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组瘤胃菌群中普雷沃氏菌属和瘤胃球菌属的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,补饲褪黑素可以提高泌乳中期奶牛瘤胃液中氨态氮和丙酸的浓度,提高瘤胃菌群中厚壁菌门、普雷沃氏菌属和瘤胃球菌属的相对丰度,降低螺旋菌门的相对丰度,推荐补饲量为120 mg/d。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of melatonin on rumen fermentation parameters and microflora of dairy cows in mid-lactation period.Forty-eight Holstein cows with similar lactation age[(143±43)d],parity[(2.75±1.23)parities]and milk yield[(36.80±4.18)kg]were selected and randomly divided into four groups of 12 cows each,On the basis of feeding a basal diet,different doses[80(trial group I),120(trial groupⅡ)and 160 mg/d(trial groupⅢ)]of melatonin were administered at the time of daily morning feeding in three groups,and the melatonin were pre-dispensed in edible glutinous rice capsules,while the control group was administered empty glutinous rice capsules.The experimental period was 37 d,including 7 d of pre-test period and 30 d of test period.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen in the rumen of dairy cows was significantly increased in the trial groupsⅡandⅢ(P<0.05),and the concentration of propionic acid in the rumen fluid of dairy cows was significantly increased in the trial groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢ(P<0.05).The concentration of total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)in the rumen fluid of dairy cows increased with melatonin feeding amount increasing,but there was no significant difference between the control group and the trial groups(P>0.05).2)At phylum level,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in rumen bacteria in the trial groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Spirochaetes in rumen bacteria in the trial groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).3)At genus level,relative abundances of Prevotella and Ruminococcus in rumen bacteria in the trial groupsⅡandⅢwere significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In summary,feeding melatonin can increase the concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen and propionic acid in the rumen fluid of dairy cows in mid-lactation period,increase the relative abundances of Fir

关 键 词：奶牛 褪黑素 发酵参数 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]