不同水分含量和添加物对柚皮渣青贮发酵品质及营养成分的影响  

Effects of different moisture and additives on fermentation quality and nutritional composition of pomelo peel residue silage

作　　者：范玉雪 杨道华 苟少校 张以诺 郭炎峰 王合川 玉永雄[1] 林涛[1,5] FAN Yuxue;YANG Daohua;GOU Shaoxiao;ZHANG Yinuo;GUO Yanfeng;WANG Hechuan;YU Yongxiong;LIN Tao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;College of Grassland and Grassland,North-west A&F University,Yangling 712100;Fangshan County Beef Cattle Industry Development Center,Lyuliang City,Lyuliang 033000;Guang'an Xinnong Development Co.,Ltd.,Guang'an 638000;Guang'an Feed Industry Management Station,Guang’an 638000)

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科学技术学院,重庆400715 [2]西北农林科技大学草业与草原学院,杨凌712100 [3]吕梁市方山县肉牛产业发展中心,吕梁033000 [4]广安鑫农发展有限公司,广安638000 [5]广安市饲料工业管理站,广安638000

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2023年第6期949-956,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点面上项目(2021YFN0027);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(4312200086)共同资助。

摘　　要：通过对不同水分含量和添加物对柚皮渣青贮发酵品质及营养成分影响的研究,筛选出柚皮渣混合青贮最优方案。采取五因素四水平L16(45)正交试验,设计不同的水分含量(65%、70%、75%、80%)、尿素(0、1%、2%、3%)、EM菌剂(0、2.5、5、7.5 mL·kg^(-1))、果胶酶(0、0.25、0.5和1 mL·kg^(-1))和干物料种类(0、狼尾草、干稻草、竹粉)。结果表明:16个处理组中有13个发酵品质综合评分为优,添加干物料对柚皮渣青贮饲料发酵品质影响最大,影响顺序为干物料种类>尿素>水分含量>EM菌剂>果胶酶,其中有利于提升发酵品质的干物料种类为不添加和添加竹粉;尿素添加水平为0和2%;水分含量为70%和65%;EM菌剂为2.5和5 mL·kg^(-1)以及果胶酶为0和0.25 mL·kg^(-1)。在营养成分分析中,尿素对柚皮渣青贮饲料粗蛋白质含量的影响最大,其次是对中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的影响,最佳两个添加水平为3%和2%;干物料种类对中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维影响较大,不添加为最佳,添加干物料种类间差异较小;其他因素影响较小。综合发酵品质和营养成分的分析,同时考虑节约成本,柚皮渣青贮条件最优方案为水分含量70%、添加2%尿素、2.5 mL·kg^(-1)EM菌剂和竹粉。The effects of different moisture contents and additives on the fermentation quality and nutritional composition of pomelo peel residue silage were studied,and the optimal scheme of pomelo peel residue mixed silage was selected.Five factors and four levels of L16(45)orthogonal test was adopted to design different moisture contents(65%,70%,75%,80%),urea(0,1%,2%,3%),EM inoculants(0,2.5,5,7.5 mL·kg^(-1)),petinase(0,0.25,0.5,1 mL·kg^(-1))and dry material species(0,wolftail,dried straw,bamboo powder).The results showed that:13 of the 16 treatment groups had the best comprehensive score of fermentation quality,adding dry materials had the greatest effect on the fermentation quality of pomelo peel residue silage,and the order of effect was dry material species>urea>moisture content>EM inoculants>pectinase;the dry materials which were beneficial to im-proving the fermentation quality were not added or added bamboo powder;the adding levels of urea were 0 and 2%;the moisture contents of silage were 70%and 65%;EM inoculants were 2.5 and 5 mL·kg^(-1);pectinase addi-tions were 0 and 0.25 mL·kg^(-1).In the analysis of nutrient composition,urea had the greatest effect on the crude protein content of pomelo peel residue silage,followed by neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber,and the best two adding levels of urea were 3%and 2%.The species of dry material had a great influence on neutral de-tergent fiber and acid detergent fiber,and it was best not to add dry material;the difference between the species of added dry materials was small;other factors had little influence.Based on the analysis of fermentation quality and nutritional composition and consideration of the cost saving,the optimal silage condition of pomelo peel residue included 70%moisture content,adding 2%urea,2.5 mL·kg^(-1) EM inoculants and bamboo powder.

关 键 词：柚皮渣 正交试验 水分含量 发酵品质 营养成分 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]