“道德资本”的马克思主义政治经济学批判  

The Critique of the Moral Capital

作　　者：张之沧[1] ZHANG Zhicang

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学哲学系,210023

出　　处：《国外社会科学前沿》2023年第12期15-26,共12页JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCES

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“西方百年伦理学史研究之早期元伦理学的道德语义学研究”(19ZDA036)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：近些年,在国内颇为流行的西方舶来品“道德资本”一词的传承者,强化“道德资本”的概念和理论,目的是将“道德资本化,资本道德化”,认为现实中既存在“作为个人资本的道德,也存在作为企业和社会资本的道德”。这种观点既玷污了道德,也曲解了资本。道德作为真理之花、至善之美永远不会成为以剥削、牟利为目的的资本。资本作为人们赚取商品利润和剩余价值的“生产工具”,也不会成为以仁爱、奉献、无私、利他为灵魂的高尚之德。捏合道德和资本的最大危害就是将那自然、神圣、居我心中的道德法则赤裸裸地商品化、功利化、物化和异化。通过对道德的阉割和解构,使其成为一些人用来遮掩自私自利、唯利是图、损伤社会、毒害精神等恶行的饰品。这与马克思的“资本就是客体化了的劳动”;“资本没有雇佣劳动就不成为资本;资本越增长,雇佣劳动和无产阶级就越增长”;以及“资本来到世间,从头到脚,每个毛孔都滴着血和肮脏的东西”;“资本家的最大愿望就是让工人连续地消耗生命力”的论断完全相悖。In recent years,Massorete-transmitters of the term moral capital that Western invention which is very popular in China strengthens the concept and theory of"moral capital",the purpose is to"moral capitalization,capital moralization".To argue that both there is the morality as the personal capital,and there is the morality as the enterprise capital and society capital in modern society.This view both defiles the morality,also distorts the capital.The morality as the flower of truth and the beauty of the supreme good can never become to capital taking exploitation and profit as the purpose.And Capital as the tool that people earn the profit on commodities and the surplus value with it also can never become the simple and noble morality taking the love,dedication,selfless and altruism as the soul.So the worst effects of the morality capital invented is that the law of natural,sacred morality in my heart is naked commercialized,utilitarianized,materialized and alienation.Through the castration,deconstruction and destruction to morality,to makes it becomes the garments and accessories of some people used to cover their evil actions of selfishness,venality machinate,damaging the social and poisoning the spirit and so on.To compares to Marx's great conclusion that"capital is objectified labour";"no wage labor,not be capital;the more capital is growth,the more employment and proletariat are growth"and"the capital comes into the world dripping with blood and filth from head to foot,from every pore";the capitalists biggest wish is to make workers constantly consuming vitality,it is completely opposite.

关 键 词：道德资本 资本道德 道德异化 反道德主义 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]