水下声学超表面异常折射方向调控研究  

Research on the regulation of abnormal refraction directionof underwater acoustic metasurface

作　　者：胡博[1,2,3] 刘凯 赵思缘 李松 HU Bo;LIU Kai;ZHAO Siyuan;LI Song(National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Key Laboratory of Ocean Information Acquisition and Security,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(Harbin Engineering University),Harbin 150001,China;College of Hydroacoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;China Ship Science Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]海洋信息获取与安全工业和信息化部重点实验室(哈尔滨工程大学),黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [4]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2024年第1期93-102,共10页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52250344,52171333,52271342);领军人才团队建设项目(3072022FSC0501);湛江市创新创业团队引育“领航计划”项目(211207157080994)。

摘　　要：针对波束调控的问题,本文提出了一种控制波前相位的声学超表面。本文依据广义斯奈尔定律,利用不同声速的均匀介质构建了水中多频声学超表面模型,给出声学超表面产生异常声折射的基本原理,验证了声学超表面在多个频点下可以实现异常声折射现象,揭示了频率以及声波入射角对声学超表面异常折射现象的影响规律,制备了声学超表面实物在水箱中对理论结果进行验证。结果表明:在入射波频率为基频的整数倍时,超表面模型可以实现折射角相同的异常折射现象,并且入射角在一定范围内可以实现负折射现象。实验测量了水中钢板和超表面的折射情况,相较于均匀介质,在不同入射角度下设计的超表面均可以实现异常折射,并且测量值与理论值吻合较好。In this study,an acoustic metasurface controlling the wavefront phase was designed to regulate the beam.Based on the generalized Snell law,a multifrequency underwater acoustic metasurface model was constructed using homogeneous media with different sound velocities,which yielded the basic principle of abnormal acoustic refraction produced by the acoustic metasurface,verified that the acoustic metasurface can realize abnormal acoustic refraction at multiple frequency points,and revealed the influence of the frequency and incident angle of sound waves on the abnormal refraction of an acoustic metasurface.A physical acoustic metasurface was prepared in a water tank to verify the theoretical results.The results showed that when the frequency of an incident wave is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency,a metasurface model can realize the abnormal refraction phenomenon with the same refraction angle,and a negative refraction phenomenon can be realized within a certain range of the incident angle.The refractions of the underwater steel plates and the metasurface were measured through experiments.Compared with homogeneous media,all metasurfaces designed at different incident angles can achieve anomalous refraction,and the measured values are in good agreement with the theoretical values.

关 键 词：水下 声学超表面 异常折射 负折射 梯度相位 广义斯奈尔定律 多角度 消声水箱 

分 类 号：O427.1[理学—声学] O482.1[理学—物理]