父母代蛋鸡的饲料中添加虾青素和抗菌肽对种蛋孵化的影响  

Effect of adding astaxanthin and antimicrobial peptides to the feed of parental laying hens on the hatching of breeding eggs

作　　者：白建 薛博文 张富恒 黄成 周凯 赵浩嘉 杨旭惠 尹志 洪金明 BAI Jian;XUE Bowen;ZHANG Fuheng;HUANG Cheng;ZHOU Kai;ZHAO Haojia;YANG Xuhui;YIN Zhi;HONG Jinming(College of Life Science,Lvliang University,Lvliang,Shanxi Province 033001,China)

机构地区：[1]吕梁学院生命科学系,山西吕梁033001

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第1期84-88,共5页China Feed

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(20231366);山西省基础研究计划项目(202103021224321)。

摘　　要：为探究父母代蛋鸡的饲料中添加虾青素和抗菌肽对种蛋孵化的影响,试验选择600只16周健康且体重无明显差异的伊沙褐种蛋鸡,随机分为3组,每组10个重复,每重复20只鸡。对照组(CT)喂基础日粮;试验组(E1、E2)在基础日粮中添加不同比例(1.0%虾青素+300 mg/kg抗菌肽、1.0%虾青素+500 mg/kg抗菌肽)的虾青素和抗菌肽。饲喂9周,25周龄结束,进行人工授精。授精后第3天,每个重复随机取50枚种蛋进行孵化,每组500枚,共1500枚。结果表明:(1)试验组E1和试验组E2的受精率分别比对照组提高了4.34%和3.04%(P<0.05)。试验组E1的受精蛋孵化率和入孵蛋孵化率分别比对照组提高了2.76%和7.21%(P<0.05);试验组E2的受精蛋孵化率和入孵蛋孵化率分别比对照组提高了2.24%和4.72%(P<0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,试验组E1和试验组E2的健雏率分别提高了4.64%和3.65%(P<0.05)。(3)试验组E1和试验组E2的平均初生重分别比对照组提高了13.69%和4.82%(P<0.05)。综上所述,在饲料中添加适量的虾青素和抗菌肽,可以显著提高种蛋的受精率、孵化率、健雏率和平均初生重(P<0.05),且饲料中加入1.0%虾青素和300 mg/kg抗菌肽效果最佳。To investigate the effect of adding astaxanthin and antimicrobial peptides to the feed of parental laying hens on the hatching of breeding eggs.The trial was conducted with 600 healthy 16-week-old Iza Brown breeder hens with no significant difference in weight,randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 replicates each,with 20 hens per replicate.The control group(CT)was fed the basal diet,while the experimental groups(E1 and E2)were added different ratios(1.0%astaxanthin+300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide,1.0%astaxanthin+500 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide)of astaxanthin and antimicrobial peptide to the basal diet.It was 9 weeks of feeding,and artificial insemination was performed at the end of 25 weeks of age.On the third day after insemination,50 eggs were randomly selected for hatching in each replicate,500 eggs per group,1500 eggs in total.The results showed that:(1)The fertilization rate of test group E1 and test group E2 increased by 4.34%and 3.04%,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.05).The hatching rate of fertilized and incubated eggs in the test group E1 increased by 2.76%and 7.21%,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.05).The hatchability of fertilized eggs and hatchability of incubated eggs in the experimental group E2 increased by 2.24%and 4.72%(P<0.05)compared with the control group,respectively.(2)Compared with the control group,the healthy chick rate was increased by 4.64%and 3.65%in test group E1 and test group E2,respectively(P<0.05).(3)The mean newborn weight of test group E1 and test group E2 increased by 13.69%and 4.82%,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of astaxanthin and antimicrobial peptide to the feed significantly improved the fertilization rate,hatching rate,healthy chick rate and mean newborn weight of breeding eggs(P<0.05),and the addition of 1.0%astaxanthin and 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide in the feed had the best hatching effect.

关 键 词：种蛋 虾青素 抗菌肽 受精率 孵化率 健雏率 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]