2000-2021年乌鲁木齐河流域地表温度的时空变化特征分析  

Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics of Surface Temperature in the Urumqi River Basin from 2000 to 2021

作　　者：娜扎开提·阿不都米吉提 杨涵 NAZAKAT Mijiti;YANG Han(Institute of Geography and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理与科学旅游学院,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期139-149,共11页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42061007,42261058)。

摘　　要：地表温度是影响生态变化的重要因素之一,地表温度可间接监测所在区域的生态环境状况.选取Landsat TM/OIL遥感影像为数据源,使用单窗算法定量反演2000,2005,2010,2015,2021年5期乌鲁木齐河流域地表温度,采用重心转移模型分析地表温度的空间转移特征,并结合土地利用数据分析不同土地利用类型的地表温度时空差异.结果表明:(1) 2000-2021年,乌鲁木齐河流域地表温度(Land Surface Temperature, LST)整体升高显著,22年间LST平均上升速率为0.44℃/a,在空间格局上,整个流域LST空间分布差异较大,温度主要以极高温、高温为主,其中,2021年高温区面积占流域面积的46%;(2) 2000-2021年各温区重心分布具有明显的方向性转移,各温区重心迁移轨迹明显向中游靠拢,建筑用地面积的增多是流域地表温度变化的主要因素;(3) 2000-2021年研究区地表热环境贡献从大到小依次为:草地、林地、水体、耕地、未利用地、建设用地,只有建设用地为正贡献.Land surface temperature(LST)is one of the important factors affecting ecological change.LST can indirectly monitor the ecological environment in the region.In this paper,Landsat TM/OIL remote sensing images were selected as data sources,and the single-window algorithm was used to quantitatively retrieve the land surface temperature(LST)of the Urumqi River basin in the five periods of 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2021.The gravity shift model was used to analyze the spatial transfer characteristics of LST.Combined with land use data,the spatiotemporal differences of land surface temperature in different land use types were analyzed.The results show as follows:①LST increases significantly in the Urumqi River basin from 2000 to 2021,and the average LST increase rate in 22 years is 0.44℃/a.In terms of spatial pattern,the spatial distribution of LST varies greatly in the whole basin,and the temperature is mainly extremely high and high temperature.In 2021,the area of high temperature area accounts for 46%of the basin area.②From 2000 to 2021,the distribution of the center of gravity in each temperature region has obvious transfer direction,and the center of gravity migration trajectory in each temperature region is obviously close to the middle reaches.The increase of building land area is the main factor for the change of surface temperature in the basin.③From 2000 to 2021,the contribution of surface thermal environment in the study area was grassland,forest land,water body,cultivated land,unused land and construction land,and only construction land made a positive contribution.

关 键 词：地表温度反演 贡献度指数 重心转移模型 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]