晚清湖北军事近代化的尝试:军事教材《湖北武学》翻译考  

A Study of the Translation in the Compilation of the Textbook The Hubei Military Science:An Attempt to Modernize Hubei’s Army in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：周俊博[1] Zhou Junbo(School of Foreign Languages,Hubei University of Economics,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北经济学院外国语学院

出　　处：《外国语文研究》2023年第6期72-81,共10页Foreign Language and Literature Research

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科技处指导性项目“晚清体操教材《湖北武学》编译研究”(编号:B2017119)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：张之洞在督鄂期间组织翻译了军事教材《湖北武学》。该书是军事翻译史上的一部重要译著,也是晚清湖北借助翻译进行军事近代化尝试的一个典型案例。本文从译著介绍、译员挑选、文本选材、翻译模式、翻译策略等五个视角对《湖北武学》进行系统研究。研究发现,《湖北武学》的翻译过程受到赞助人张之洞及其洋务思想的影响。中德译员在翻译中采用洋译华述、洋华同译、华教独译三种模式,并运用归化、异化、摘译、加注等策略和技巧来实现翻译目的。《湖北武学》的出版丰富了中国近代陆军学术体系,对晚清湖北新兵革命与中国近代化发展也发挥了重要作用。Zhang Zhidong,as a sponsor,organized the translation of the textbook The Hubei Military Science during his service in Hubei,China.As a masterpiece in the history of military translation,the textbook is a typical case of Hubei’s attempts to modernize its army by way of translation in the late Qing Dynasty.The paper carries out research on the textbook from five perspectives such as textbook introduction,selection of translators and source texts,and translation modes,strategies and techniques.The author concludes that the translation of The Hubei Military Science was manipulated by Zhang Zhidong and his thought on modernization and that three translation modes were applied like“Interpreted by a foreigner and recorded by a Chinese”,“Interpreted by a foreigner and a Chinese and recorded by another Chinese”,and“Independently translated by a Chinese”.Strategies and techniques such as foreignization,domestication,annotation and selective translation were employed to realize goals of the translation of The Hubei Military Science.Its publication enriched the academic system of China’s army and played an important role in the 1911 Revolution and China’s modernization.

关 键 词：《湖北武学》 军事教材 翻译 近代化 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学] E295.2[历史地理—中国史]