江山市2016年-2022年食品中金属元素监测结果分析  

Monitoring and analysis of metal elements in food in Jiangshan City,2016-2022

作　　者：赵田田 ZHAO Tian -tian(Jiangshan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang 324100,China)

机构地区：[1]江山市疾病预防控制中心,浙江324100

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2023年第23期2922-2927,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的对江山市市售食品中铅、镉、铬、砷、汞、铝等6种金属污染物的含量水平进行检测,分析其污染水平、分布特征及可能的污染来源,展开描述性分析与评价,为有效的食品监管措施提供依据。方法按照浙江省食品污染和有害因素风险监测实施方案要求,采集江山市2016年一2022年辖区各类食品649份样品,按照国家品卫生标准与食品安全风险监测工作手册方法进行检测,检测结果与国家食品卫生标准限值进行对比分析。结果2016年一2022年共检测食品样品649份,600份合格,合格率为92.45%。7年间食品合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。海中含铝添加剂超标严重(41.7%),有中度污染风险(P_(i)值0.771);油条油饼中含铝添加剂超标率高(28.4%),有重度污染风险(P_(i)值1.03);海鱼(P_(i)值0.667)中镉元素有中度污染风险;大米(P_(i)值0.425)和鱼干、虾皮(P;值0.292)中镉元素有轻度污染风险;大米(P_(i)值0.297)、新鲜蔬菜(P_(i)值0.257)、浆果类水果(P_(i)值0.250)和米饼米花(P_(i)值0.225)中汞元素有轻度污染风险。结论江山市食品安全风险依然存在,含铝添加剂超标问题突出,应该引导民众养成良好就餐习惯,加大卫生监管力度,才能消除食品安全隐患。Objective This study aims to detect the levels of six metal pollutants including lead,cadmium,chromium,arse-nic,mercury,and aluminum in the commercially available food in Jiangshan City,analyze their pollution levels,distribution characteristics,and possible pollution sources,and conduct descriptive analysis and evaluation,so as to provide basis for effec-tive food supervision.Methods According to the requirements of the implementation plan for food pollution and harmful factor risk monitoring in Zhejiang Province,649 samples of various foods in Jiangshan City from 2016 to 2022 were collected and tested using the national hygiene standards and methods in the food safety risk monitoring manual.The test results were compared and analyzed with the national food hygiene standard limits.Results A total of 649 food samples were tested from 2016 to 2022,with a qualification rate of 92.45%and there is statistical significance on the difference in food qualification rate over the seven years(P<0.05).Aluminum additives in jellyfish were seriously excessive(41.7%)and contributed to a moderate pollution risk(P,=1.03).The excessive rate of aluminum additives in oil sticks and fried dough strips was high(28.4%),indicating a severe pollution risk(P,=1.03).The cadmium element in sea fish(P,=0.667)contributed to a moderate pollution risk,while the cadmium element in rice(P,=0.425)and dried fish and shrimp skins(P,=0.292)contributed to a mild pollution risk.The mercury element in rice(P,=0.297),fresh vegetables(P,=0.257),berry fruit(P,=0.250),and rice cakes and popcorn(P,=0.225)contributed to a mild pllution risk.Conclusion Food safety risks exist in Jiangshan City,and the problem of excessive aluminum additives is prominent.It is necessary to guide the public to develop good eating habits and strengthen hygiene supervision to eliminate food safety hazards.

关 键 词：食品风险监测 单因子指数法 风险评估 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]