基于全基因组重测序的杏鲍菇菌株遗传多样性与性状分析  

Population diversity and characteristics of Pleurotus eryngii strains based on whole genome resequencing

作　　者：林俊彬 严俊杰 韩星 赵金 甘颖 苗人云 冯仁才 李斐 赖学飞 仝宗军 甘炳成 LIN Jun-bin;YAN Jun-jie;HAN Xing;ZHAO Jin;GAN Ying;MIAO Ren-yun;FENG Ren-cai;LI Fei;LAI Xue-fei;TONG Zong-jun;GAN Bing-cheng(Institute of Urban Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610213,China;Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center,Chengdu 610213,China;Modern Agricultural Equipment Industrial Park Management Committee in Jin-tang County,Chengdu 610407,China;Sichuan Tianlingjian Biotechnology Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院都市农业研究所,成都610213 [2]成都农业科技中心,成都610213 [3]金堂县现代农业装备产业园管理委员会,成都610407 [4]四川田岭涧生物科技发展有限公司,成都610400

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第11期2311-2318,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2021XK03);四川省科技计划项目(2021YFYZ0026);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(34⁃IUA⁃06);凉山州科技计划项目(21ZDYF0023);国家成都农业科技中心地方财政专项(NASC2021KR06)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过分析20份杏鲍菇菌株的遗传多样性和菌丝、子实体的性状,为新型分子标记在杏鲍菇资源保护利用方面提供一定的基础,也为后续主要性状基因的准确定位、杂交育种、表型预测提供理论依据。【方法】以20株全国不同地区收集到的杏鲍菇菌株作为试验菌株,对其进行全基因组重测序,将分析得到的SNP位点作为标记进行遗传多样性分析,并测定其菌丝在PDA培养皿上的生长速度、产量、子实体长度、菌盖直径、菌柄长度、菌柄直径、子实体硬度、子实体脆度、子实体咀嚼性和子实体胶着性,随后对10项性状指标进行主成分分析,将各项性状指标与遗传多样性结果进行联合分析,评价二者的相关性。【结果】当遗传距离大于0.08时,20份杏鲍菇菌株分为6个类群,每个类群的菌株的性状与其他类群相比均有一定的差异且类群内菌株性状比较接近。其中类群Ⅴ所含菌株数量最多,包含13份菌株,且各项性状指标最为突出;其次是类群Ⅱ包含3份菌株,其余几个类群都只包含1个菌株,不同类群之间性状均有差异,类群内差异很小。【结论】国内不同地区的杏鲍菇菌株在遗传多样性、菌丝生长速度、子实体性状和质构方面均有差异,其中各项性状比较优异且均衡的杏鲍菇菌株聚类在类群Ⅴ,说明杏鲍菇中SNP标记与子实体性状有很强的相关性。在育种实践中,可以通过SNP标记预测菌株的性状,以遗传距离比较远、个别性状比较突出的菌株作为亲本进行杂交育种,大大减少育种周期,提高育种效率与精度。【Objective】By analyzing the genetic diversity of 20 strains of Pleurotus eryngii and the characteristics of mycelium and fruiting bodies,the present paper provides a certain basis for the protection and utilization of new molecular markers in P.eryngii resources,and also provides a theoretical basis for the accurate location of major trait genes,cross breeding and phenotype prediction.【Method】The genome of 20 strains of P.eryngii collected in different regions of China was resequenced,the SNP loci obtained from the analysis were used as markers for genetic diversity analysis,and the growth rate of their mycelium on PDA dishes,yield,fruiting body length,cap diameter,stipe length,stipe diameter,fruiting body hardness,fruiting body fracturability,fruiting body chewiness and fruiting body gumminess were measured,the principal component analysis was carried out for 10 traits,and the results of each trait and genetic diversity were analyzed together to evaluate the correlation between genetic diversity and traits.【Result】When the genetic distance was greater than 0.08,20 strains of P.eryngii could be divided into 6 groups.The characteristics of strains in each group were different from those in other groups,and the characteristics of strains in the group were relatively close.Group V contained 13 strains,and the characteristics were the most prominent;Followed by group II that contained 3 strains,the rest of the several groups contained only 1 strain,there were differences in the traits between different groups,and there were very small differences within a group.【Conclusion】The strains of P.eryngii from different regions in China have certain differences in genetic diversity,mycelium growth rate,fruiting body characteristics and texture,among which the strains of P.eryngii with excellent and balanced characteristics are clustered in group V,indicating that there is a strong correlation between SNP markers and fruiting body characteristics in P.eryngii.In breeding practice,SNP markers can be used to pre

关 键 词：杏鲍菇 遗传多样性 单核苷酸多态性 数量性状 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]