基于透镜效应的灾害风险感知理论框架研究  

Research on Disaster Risk Perception Framework Based on Lens Effect

作　　者：尚志海 SHANG Zhihai(School of Geographical Sciences,Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang 524048,China)

机构地区：[1]岭南师范学院地理科学学院,广东湛江524048

出　　处：《灾害学》2024年第1期11-16,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2018A030307031)。

摘　　要：风险感知研究一直是灾害研究的热点之一,但是其理论研究在风险社会放大框架被提出之后便乏善可陈,急需引入新的理论全面解读风险感知过程。该文借鉴物理学上的透镜成像规律,提出风险感知透镜效应框架。灾害风险感知就是灾害情景信息经过风险驿站接收、处理和传递,形成风险映像的过程。在风险感知的形成过程中,灾害情景和距离是影响风险映像大小的两大关键因素。灾害情景后果越严重,风险驿站感知的风险越大。在同一灾害情景下,随着灾害情景与风险驿站距离的变化,风险映像分别呈现实像与虚像,且距离焦点越近,风险映像越大。受灾者和旁观者视角的风险感知是有区别的,风险感知结果通过风险映像大小来评价。基于透镜效应的灾害风险感知研究,是多学科交叉融合的产物,也是对风险感知研究的理论贡献。Risk perception research has always been one of the hotspots of disaster research.However,its theoretical research has been not updated since the social amplification of risk framework was proposed,and it is urgent to introduce new theories to comprehensively interpret the process of risk perception.Using the lens imaging law in physics for reference,we creatively put forward the lens effect theory of risk perception.Disaster risk perception is the process that disaster scenarios information is received,processed and communication by risk stage to form risk images.In the formation of risk perception,disaster scenario and distance decay are two key factors that affect the size of risk image.The more serious the consequences of the disaster scenario,the greater the risk is perceived by the risk stage.Under the same disaster scenario,the distance between the disaster scenario and the risk stage changes,risk image showing real and virtual images respectively,and the closer the distance,the greater the risk image.The risk perception of the victims and the onlookers is different,but they all follow the law of distance decay,and the result of risk perception is evaluated by the size of risk image.The research on disaster risk perception based on lens effect is the product of interdisciplinary integration,and it is also a theoretical contribution to the research on risk perception.

关 键 词：透镜效应 灾害风险感知 距离衰减规律 风险映像 

分 类 号：X45[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5