拥挤约束型城市应急物资储备库网络功能优化模型——以河北省石家庄市为例  

Functional Optimization Model of Urban Emergency Material ReserveNetwork Considering the Congestion Scenario——A Case Study of Shijiazhuang City in HeBei Province

作　　者：陆相林 赵佳娜 陈景昭 LU Xianglin;ZHAO Jiana;CHEN Jingzhao(College of Economics and Management,Shijiazhuang University,Shijiazhuang 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄学院经济管理学院,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《灾害学》2024年第1期75-79,共5页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目“京津冀城市群应急物资储备库网络协同发展研究”(D2019106020)。

摘　　要：应急物资的合理储备和运输分配是应急管理中防灾减灾救灾的基础。重大风险处置过程中,应急物资调配极易因拥挤而发生时间延迟,故考虑其拥挤情景的约束极为必要。然而,当前考虑拥挤约束以及结合区域加以实证的应急物资调配研究成果偏少,其研究广度和深度有待加强。因此,该文提出了拥挤约束型城市应急物资储备库网络功能优化问题。基于排队理论设计拥挤约束条件,并从覆盖半径内需求满意距离递减、交通方式多样化、交通通达程度复杂化等视角,对传统应急物资储备库功能优化模型加以改进,构建了拥挤型单目标无容量限制设施选址模型,并设计了求解的启发式算法。把所构建模型应用于河北省石家庄市应急物资储备库网络优化,并从城市群、多影响以及等级优化视角提出拓展研究的方向。The reasonable reserve,transportation and distribution of emergency materials are the basis of disaster prevention,mitigation and relief in emergency management.In the process of major risk disposal,the deployment of emergency material is easy to delay due to congestion.So,it is extremely necessary to consider the constraints of congestion situation.However,the current research on emergency material reserve allocation considering congested constraints and combining with the regional facts needs to be strengthened both in breadth and depth.Therefore,the optimization problem of urban emergency material reserve network with constraints of congested scenario is put forward.Based on the queuing theory and traditional function optimization model of emergency material reserve,the congested constraint conditions are designed,and the objective function of the traditional emergency facility location model is improved from the perspectives of decreasing demand satisfaction degree along with distance within the coverage radius,diversification of transportation modes,and complexity of traffic access degree.The single-objective facility location model with incapacity and congested constraint is constructed,and the heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the problem.The model is applied to the optimization of the emergency material reserve network in Shijiazhuang,Hebei Province,and the direction of further research is proposed from the perspectives of urban agglomeration,multi-impact and hierarchical optimization.

关 键 词：设施选址 城市应急物资储备库网络 拥挤系统 功能优化模型 石家庄市 

分 类 号：X45[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5[经济管理—国民经济] F259.27