基于灾害风险普查知识库的台风灾害链知识图谱构建  

Construction of Typhoon Disaster Chain Knowledge Graph Based onDisaster Risk Survey Knowledge

作　　者：朱海铭 林广发[1,2,3] 张明锋 张润川[1] 曾念霖 蔡文欣 ZHU Haiming;LIN Guangfa;ZHANG Mingfeng;ZHANG Runchuan;ZENG Nianlin;CAI Wenxin(College of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Assessing Terrestrial Disasters,Fuzhou 350007,China;Research Center for National Geographical Condition Monitoring and Emergency Support in the Economic Zone on the West Side of the Taiwan Strait,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007 [2]福建省陆地灾害监测评估工程技术研究中心,福建福州350007 [3]海西地理国情动态监测与应急保障研究中心,福建福州350007

出　　处：《灾害学》2024年第1期209-215,共7页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2022J01180);福建省公益类科技重点项目(2021R1002006)。

摘　　要：基于灾害系统论与知识图谱构建技术,利用全国第一次自然灾害综合风险普查提供的调查技术规范和各灾种风险评估技术规范,结合已有的历史台风灾害案例及其他相关文献资料,从中提取出致灾因子、承灾体分类目录及相互之间的灾害链关系表;基于GIS中的时空拓扑关系理论,提取承灾体实体与致灾因子空间特征之间的时空拓扑关系谓词;从台风灾害报道的新闻与社交媒体语料库中基于自然语言处理技术提取受灾动词、受灾程度词,作为描述承灾体受灾情况的关系谓词;在此基础上构建了“致灾因子-关系-承灾体”三元组为灾害链基本链条的知识网络,从而构建出更为全面完整的台风灾害链网络。该知识网络包括59个节点,787个三元组,通过Neo4j图数据库更具体形象地展示了完整的台风灾害链网络,并为进一步的台风灾害网络分析和知识推理奠定了基础。Based on the disaster system theory and Knowledge graph construction technology,we use the technical specifications for risk assessment of various disasters provided by the first national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters,and supplement other existing literature and historical typhoon disaster cases to extract the disaster causing factors,disaster carriers and the disaster chain relationship between them;Based on the spatiotemporal topological relationship theory in GIS,extract the spatiotemporal topological relationship words between the disaster bearing entity and the spatial features of the disaster causing factors;The disaster verbs and disaster degree words are extracted from the news and social media corpus of typhoon disaster reports based on Natural Language Processing technology,which are used as relational words to describe the disaster situation of disaster victims;On this basis,a knowledge network with the “disaster causing factor disaster chain relationship disaster carrier” triplet as the basic chain of the disaster chain was constructed,thereby constructing a comprehensive typhoon disaster chain network.The knowledge network consists of 59 nodes and 787 triplets.Through Neo4j Graph database,the complete typhoon disaster chain network is displayed more concretely and vividly,which lays the foundation for further typhoon disaster network analysis and knowledge reasoning.

关 键 词：台风 灾害链 知识图谱 知识库 自然灾害综合风险普查 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P4