持有正义与自我所有权悸论:柯亨在重构马克思的剥削批判时的理论失察  

Justice of Holdings and Paradox of Self-ownership:Cohen's Theoretical Oversight in Reconstructing Marx's Criticism of Exploitation

作　　者：孟雨桐 Meng Yutong

机构地区：[1]山西大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2023年第12期93-109,151,共18页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：山西大学马克思主义学院2022年高水平项目培育课题“马克思共同体思想及其当代价值研究”(SXU-SMS-C-2022-01)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：柯亨将马克思的剥削批判重构为纯粹的规范性批判,遗失了关键的现实批判维度。马克思对剥削的批判蕴含对自我所有权的肯定这一点,并不像柯亨担心的那样会构成他的理论弱点,因为马克思的批判不是指向抽象的自我所有权,而是指向自我所有权在资本主义社会现实中存在的悖论,即会蜕变为“他人占有”和“自我丧失”。这一悖论产生的根源是生产资料私有制及其导致的社会分化,只有联合起来的个人占有全部生产力,才能实现真正的“自我所有”。Cohen reconstructed Marx's criticism of exploitation as a purely normative criticism,losing its pivotal dimension as criticism of reality.The fact that Marx's criticism of exploitation implied an affirmation of self-ownership is not,as Cohen feared,counted as his theoretical weakness,because his criticism does not aim at the abstract self-ownership,but the paradox in capitalist society.In the paradox,“self-ownership”ddeteriorated into“others-ownership”and“selfdeprivation”.This paradox originated from private ownership of the means of production and the resulting social differentiation,and only when united individuals take possession of the total productive forces cantrue“self-ownership”be achieved.

关 键 词：马克思 柯亭 自我所有权 持有正义 

分 类 号：B505[哲学宗教—外国哲学]