“双碳”目标下数字基础设施建设与城市碳排放——基于“宽带中国”试点政策的准自然实验  

Digital Infrastructure Construction and Urban Carbon Emissions Under the“Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goal”:A Quasi-Natural Experiment of“Broadband China”Pilot Policy

作　　者：郭丰 任毅[1,2] 柴泽阳 GUO Feng;REN Yi;CHAI Zeyang(Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067;School of Economics,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067;School of Economics and Management,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331)

机构地区：[1]重庆工商大学长江上游经济研究中心 [2]重庆工商大学经济学院 [3]重庆师范大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2023年第5期164-180,共17页China Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BJY057);重庆市教委科学技术研究计划重点项目(KJZD-K202200801);重庆工商大学“学习贯彻党的二十大精神”专项研究课题(ctbuesd32)。

摘　　要：在数字经济时代,完善数字基础设施建设已经成为实现减污降碳的重要手段,优化数字基础设施建设是推进碳达峰、碳中和目标实现的重要工作。因此,基于2009—2020年中国270个城市的面板数据,本文以“宽带中国”试点政策为准自然实验,利用渐进双重差分方法评估数字基础设施建设对城市碳排放的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:(1)“宽带中国”试点政策显著降低了城市碳排放,这一结论经过共同趋势检验、安慰剂检验等稳健性检验后依然成立。(2)机制分析表明,“宽带中国”试点政策通过提升城市绿色技术创新水平和促进产业结构升级渠道降低城市碳排放。(3)异质性结果表明,“宽带中国”试点政策的碳减排效应在东中部地区、非资源型城市、环境规制力度较强和数字经济发展越好的城市中更加明显,城镇化水平在其碳减排中发挥着正向调节作用。为推动碳达峰、碳中和目标的实现,建议扩大“宽带中国”在西部地区和非资源型城市的试点范围,因地制宜数字基础设施发展战略,更大力度支持绿色技术创新发展和产业结构升级。In the era of the digital economy,improving the construction of digital infrastructure has become an important means to achieve pollution reduction and carbon reduction,and optimizing the construction of digital infrastructure is an important work to promote the realization of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Therefore,based on the panel data of 270 cities in China from 2009 to 2020,this paper takes the“Broadband China”pilot policy as the quasi-natural experiment and uses the progressive difference-in-differences method to evaluate the impact and its mechanism of digital infrastructure construction on urban carbon emissions.The study found that the“broadband China”pilot policy has significantly reduced urban carbon emissions;this conclusion is still valid after robustness tests such as common trend test and placebo test.Mechanism analysis shows that the“broadband China”pilot policy reduces urban carbon emissions by improving the level of urban green technology innovation and promoting the upgrading of industrial structure.Heterogeneity results show that the carbon reduction effect of the“Broadband China”pilot policy is more pronounced in the eastern and central regions,nonresource-based cities,cities with strong environmental regulation and better digital economy development,urbanization level plays a positive moderating role in carbon emission reduction.In order to promote the realization of the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,it is suggested to expand the pilot scope of“Broadband China”in western regions and nonresource-based cities,the digital infrastructure development strategy should be adapted to local conditions,and greater support for the development of green technology innovation and industrial structure upgrading.

关 键 词：数字基础设施 碳排放 宽带中国 数字经济 双重差分模型 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]