气压湿度对空气隙绝缘特性的影响研究  

Study on Influence of Air Pressure and Humidity on Air Gap Insulation Characteristics

作　　者：苏梦函 安韵竹[1] 赵文龙 胡元潮[1] 李海涛[1] 黄涛 SU Menghan;AN Yunzhu;ZHAO Wenlong;HU Yuanchao;LI Haitao;HUANG Tao(College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Shandong Zibo 255000,China;Air Force Research Institute of PLA,Beijing 100000,China;State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学电气与电子工程学院,山东淄博255000 [2]中国人民解放军空军研究院,北京100000 [3]国网江苏省电力工程咨询有限公司,南京210000

出　　处：《高压电器》2024年第1期78-86,共9页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51807113);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019QEE018)。

摘　　要：外界环境条件影响以空气为介质的电力设备外绝缘性能,为了研究空气放电的物理特性,文中基于Boltzmann方程研究空气中电子与分子碰撞的微观过程,计算分析气压、湿度对空气隙绝缘性能的影响规律。结果表明,温度为300 K,气压为1.0 atm(1 atm=101 kPa)时,空气相对湿度的升高会改变电子能量分布函数和电子输运参数。相对湿度每升高30%,电子平均能量下降约0.2 eV,约化电子迁移率下降约0.25×10^(23)(V∙m∙s)^(-1),约化电子扩散系数下降约0.2×10^(24)(m∙s)^(-1),空气相对湿度从0%升高到30%,临界击穿场强升高486 V/cm,空气相对湿度从30%升高到60%,临界击穿场强升高729 V/cm,空气隙绝缘性能增强;温度为300 K,相对湿度为0%时,气压每升高0.2 atm,临界击穿场强升高约6 kV/cm,空气隙绝缘性能增强。The external environmental conditions affect the external insulation performance of power equipment with air as the medium.For studying the physical characteristics of air discharge,the microscopic process of electron-molecule collision in the air based on the Boltzmann equation is studied in this paper,and the influence of pres-sure and humidity on the air gap insulation performance is calculated and analyzed.The results show that in case of temperature at 300 K and pressure at 1.0 atm,the increase of relative humidity of air can change the electron energy distribution function and electron transport parameters.When the relative humidity increases 30%ech time,the av-erage electron energy decreases about 0.2 eV,the reduced electron mobility decreases about 0.25×10^(23)(V∙m∙s)^(-1),the reduced diffusion coefficient decreases about 0.2×10^(24)(m∙s)^(-1).The relative humidity of air increases from 0%to 30%,the critical breakdown field strength increases 486 V/cm,the relative humidity of air increases from 30%to 60%,the critical breakdown field strength increases 729 V/cm,and the air gap insulation performance increases.While,in case of temperature at 300 K and relative humidity at 0%,when the air pressure increases 0.2 atm each time,the critical breakdown field strength increases about 6 kV/cm and the air gap insulation performance in-creases.

关 键 词：湿度 气压 玻尔兹曼方程 电子能量分布函数 临界击穿场强 

分 类 号：TM855[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]