外泌体在阿尔茨海默病中的研究进展  

Research Progress of Exosomes in Alzheimer′s Disease

作　　者：古映灵 许小冰 何雯 马璐瑶 马晓瑭 陈颜芳 GU Yingling;XU Xiaobing;HE Wen;MA Luyao;MA Xiaotang;CHEN Yanfang(Institute of Neurology,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University,Zhanjiang 524002,China)

机构地区：[1]广东医科大学附属医院神经病学研究所,广东湛江524002

出　　处：《医学综述》2023年第24期5547-5551,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2021A1515010982);广东省医学科研基金项目(A2021212)。

摘　　要：外泌体作为细胞间通信的介质,可影响阿尔茨海默病(AD)的疾病进展。一方面,外泌体通过参与病理性蛋白传播、促进神经炎症发生和神经元凋亡等介导AD进展;另一方面,通过清除毒性蛋白、促进神经修复、抑制神经炎症等改善AD的病理损害。此外,外泌体在AD的早期诊断、治疗及疾病机制分析方面也显示出巨大潜力。未来,将研究集中于外泌体作为生物标志物、疫苗和药物载体等方面并结合外泌体工程建立新型药物靶向传递系统,可以为AD风险预测、发现潜在的AD新治疗靶点开辟新途径。Exosomes,as mediators of cell-to-cell communication,can influence the progression of Alzheimer′s disease(AD).On one hand,exosomes can mediate the progression of AD by participating in pathological protein transmission,promoting the occurrence of neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis;on the other hand,exosomes can improve the pathological damage of AD by removing toxic proteins,promoting nerve repair,and inhibiting neuroinflammation.In addition,exosomes have also shown great potential in the early diagnosis,treatment and disease mechanism analysis of AD.In the future,the research on exosomes will focus on their role in biomarkers,vaccines and drug carriers,and establish a new drug targeted delivery system in combination with exosome engineering,which can open up new ways for AD risk prediction and the discovery of potential new therapeutic targets for AD.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 外泌体 毒性蛋白 神经炎症 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]