模拟高原环境下黏度对乳化炸药性能影响  

Effect of viscosity on emulsion explosive performance under plateau environment

作　　者：吴红波[1] 蔡心远 高郁凯 高玉刚 WU Hong-bo;CAI Xin-yuan;GAO Yu-kai;GAO Yu-gang(School of Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;Sichuan Yahua Industrial Group Co.,Ltd.,Ya’an 625000,Sichuan,China;Huaibei Blasting Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,CCTEG,Huaibei 235000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]四川雅化实业集团有限公司,四川雅安625000 [3]中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《工程爆破》2023年第6期16-23,共8页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学基金资助项目(KJ2019a0121)。

摘　　要：为研究乳化基质黏度对乳化炸药在高原地区的性能影响,选取4种高黏度蜡制备乳化炸药,经过不同海拔高度的模拟储存,测试了乳化基质黏度、粒径、电导率及敏化气泡变化并对模拟后爆速与猛度进行分析。实验结果表明,在海拔高度500 m以下时,乳化炸药性能几乎不发生变化;海拔高度在2500 m以上时,乳化炸药开始明显析晶,爆炸性能显著下降。当模拟储存环境从海拔高度0 m上升到4500 m时,4种乳化基质的粒径没有发生显著变化,化学敏化的乳化炸药的敏化气泡扩散聚集程度与黏度呈负相关。微晶蜡、白蜂蜡、混合蜡、5#复合蜡所制备的乳化炸药的电导率增长率分别为:68.18%、18.18%、13.64%、4.55%,猛度分别下降:21.87%、8.72%、6%、13.56%,爆速分别下降:19.21%、4.43%、3.23%、10.82%。表明在高原地区乳化炸药生产时,在一定范围内提高乳化基质黏度,能够有效提升乳化炸药稳定性。In order to study the effect of emulsion matrix viscosity on the performance of emulsion explosives in plateau areas,four kinds of high-viscosity waxes were selected to prepare emulsion explosives,and the viscosity,particle size,conductivity and sensitized bubble changes of emulsion matrix were tested after simulated storage at different altitudes,and the explosion velocity and fierceness after simulation were analyzed.The experimental results show that the performance of emulsion explosives hardly changes at altitudes below 500 m.At an altitude above 2500 m,the emulsion explosive begins to crystallize significantly,and the explosion performance decreases significantly.When the simulated storage environment increased from 0m to 4500 m above sea level,the particle size of the four emulsified matrices did not change significantly,and the degree of diffusion and aggregation of sensitized bubbles of chemically sensitized emulsion explosives was negatively correlated with viscosity.The conductivity growth rates of emulsified explosives prepared by microcrystalline wax,white beeswax,mixed wax and 5# composite wax were 68.18%,18.18%,13.64% and 4.55%,respectively,the fierceness decreased by 21.87%,8.72%,6% and 13.56%,and the explosion speed decreased by 19.21%,4.43%,3.23% and 10.82%,respectively.The results show that in the production of emulsion explosives in plateau areas,the viscosity of the emulsion matrix can be increased within a certain range,which can effectively improve the stability of emulsion explosives.

关 键 词：乳化炸药 高原环境 黏度 粒径 稳定性 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]