中国美味蘑菇‘申美1号’不同栽培方式比较试验  

Comparative experiment on different cultivation methods of Agaricus sinodeliciosus‘Shenmei No.1’

作　　者：徐珍[1] 杨慧[1] 张美彦[1] 章炉军[1] 宋春艳[1] 王瑞娟[1] 谭琦[1] 尚晓冬[1] XU Zhen;YANG Hui;ZHANG Meiyan;ZHANG Lujun;SONG Chunyan;WANG Ruijuan;TAN Qi;SHANG Xiaodong(Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,农业农村部应用真菌资源与利用重点开放实验室,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,上海市农业遗传育种重点开放实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2023年第6期17-20,共4页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目[沪农科创字(2020)第1-3号]。

摘　　要：为了实现中国美味蘑菇(Agaricus sinodeliciosus)‘申美1号’的产业化推广,比较3种设施化栽培方式(袋栽、瓶栽和免割保水膜袋栽培)下中国美味蘑菇菌盖直径、高度、单菇重以及生育期、出菇率、产量等方面的差异。结果表明:袋栽和瓶栽子实体的菌盖表面局部可见棕色色素,而免割保水膜袋栽培子实体的菌盖表面极少见到;袋栽子实体比瓶栽和免割保水膜袋栽培的子实体大;瓶栽子实体基本垂直培养料生长,菇型较正,袋栽和免割保水膜袋栽培子实体多为菌包侧面出菇,菇型偏斜;袋栽子实体的平均直径[(70±7)mm]、平均高度[(65±8)mm]和单菇重[(60.2±9)g]均为最大;瓶栽的生物学效率(79.4%)最大;免割保水膜袋栽培的出菇率(91%)最高、单包(瓶)出菇个数(2.7个)最多、单包(瓶)产量[(130.2±12)g]最高。综上,中国美味蘑菇‘申美1号’袋栽更适合于农户栽培,瓶栽更适合于工厂化栽培,免割保水膜袋栽培两者均适合。In order to promote the industrialization of Agaricus sinodelicus‘Shenmei No.1’,their cap diameter,height,single fruit body weight,growth period,fruiting rate and yield under three kinds of facility cultivation methods(bagged cultivation,bottled cultivation and non-cutting and water retaining bagged cultivation)were compared and analyzed.The results showed that brown pigment could be seen locally on the cap surface of the fruit body under bagged and bottled cultivation,which was rarely seen under non-cutting and water retaining bagged cultivation;The fruit body under bagged cultivation was larger than that of two cultivations;The fruit body under bottled cultivation was basically vertical,and the fruit body shape was relatively normal;The fruit body under bagged cultivation and non-cutting and water retaining bagged cultivation was more likely to fruiting on the side of the bag,and the fruit body shape was skew;The average diameter[(70±7)mm],the average height[(65±8)mm]and the single fruit body weight[(60.2±9)g]of the fruit body under bagged cultivation were the largest;The biological efficiency under bottled cultivation(79.4%)was the highest;The rate of fruiting rate(91%),the fruiting numbers of single bag(bottle)(2.7)and the yield of single bag(bottle)[(130.2±12)g]under non-cutting and water retaining bagged cultivation were the highest.In summary,A.sinodeliciosus‘Shenmei No.1’was more suitable for farmers to cultivate by bagged cultivation,more suitable for factories to cultivate by bottled cultivation,and both farmers and factories were suitable for noncutting and water retaining bagged cultivation.

关 键 词：中国美味蘑菇 栽培方式 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S646.11[农业科学—蔬菜学]