精于西学为何执着守旧?——“狂儒”辜鸿铭的心理传记学分析  

A Master of Western Studies but a Stickler for Chinese Feudal Traditions——The Psychobiography Study of Gu Hongming

作　　者：高峰强[1] 宋雪 韩耀杰 付若冰 田梅[3] 王鹏[1] Gao Fengqiang;Song Xue;Han Yaojie;Fu Ruobing;Tian Mei;Wang Peng(School of Psychology,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358;School of Psychology and Cognitive Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062;Library,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250358 [2]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062 [3]山东师范大学图书馆,济南250014

出　　处：《心理学探新》2023年第3期195-201,共7页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：山东省2020年本科教学改革研究项目:面向一流本科专业“双万计划”建设点的“混合式对分课堂”教学方法改革(M2020210)。

摘　　要：辜鸿铭是清末民初时期著名的保守主义知识分子。他学于西洋,却在中国全面西化时期逆流而行,痴迷于中国封建传统文化,以至于对其糟粕也持褒扬态度。研究采用心理传记学方法对辜鸿铭人格及观念成因进行研究,结果发现:辜鸿铭优裕安逸的童年促使他形成了“慢生命史策略”,为其不事变通、执着如一的人格奠定了基础;辜鸿铭在自我概念和同一性养成的关键时期留学,遭遇种族歧视,在一定程度上形成了“优越情结”;回国之后的躯体受辱经历促使辜鸿铭最终坚定认同了中国人的身份;孤独感促成了辜鸿铭对自由的逃避,助推了他对封建制度、纳妾以及裹足的个人偏爱。Gu Hongming(1857-1928)was a prominent conservative intellectual during the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican period in China.He studied in the West but went against the tide during China’s full-scale Westernization,obsessing over traditional Chinese feudal culture to the extent that he held a laudatory attitude toward its remains.This paper adopted a psychobiographical approach to study the causes of Gu’s obstinacy and conservatism.The results revealed the following:(1)Gu’s childhood experience of comfort and prosperity led him to develop slow life-history strategies,which laid the foundations for his inflexible and persistent personality.(2)When Gu studied abroad in the West during the critical period of self-concept and self-independence development,he encountered racial discrimination and developed a sense of inferiority,which contributed to his superiority complex.(3)The experience of physical humiliation after returning to China meant that Gu firmly identified with the identity of Chinese people.(4)Loneliness contributed to Gu’s escape from freedom,and can explain his personal preference for feudalism,concubinage,and foot-binding.This study reveals many of Gu’s self-defense mechanisms from when he was a teenager and contributes to our understanding of the psychological processes behind the“legend”.

关 键 词：辜鸿铭 心理传记 生命史理论 自卑 逃避自由 

分 类 号：B8409[哲学宗教—心理学]