OECD国家小学教师工资水平与工作强度的比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Salary and Work Intensity of Primary School Teachers in OECD Countries

作　　者：黄春寒 HUANG Chunhan(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《教师发展研究》2024年第1期60-68,共9页Teacher Development Research

摘　　要：基于OECD国家的数据,对比分析各国小学教师的工资水平与工作强度的特征。研究发现,OECD国家呈现出教师工资水平普遍不高但工作强度分化的特点。按照工资水平高低和工作强度大小,将这些国家进行分类,基于收入-闲暇理论和货币与非货币性报酬理论,探索个体特征和制度特征与工资水平和工作时长的关系,进一步发现“时间长工资低”和“时间短工资低”的两组国家在教师性别、教师资质两方面有显著差异,但是在对教育技能的需求和生师比方面无显著差异。经比较后发现,非货币性报酬是教师职业的重要特征,教师劳动力市场有明显的雇主导向特征,对教师过高的准入技能要求可能对教育体系产生负面影响。Drawing upon data sourced from OECD countries,this research conducts a comparative analysis discerning the nuances in primary school teachers′salary levels and workload.The findings unveil a prevalent trend within OECD countries,characterized by generally modest teacher remuneration with discernible differentials in workload.Based on the income leisure theory and monetary and non-monetary reward theory,the study groups these countries in accordance with their wage levels and work intensity,and then explores the relations between individual and institutional features,wages,and working hours.It further identifies significant differences in terms of teacher gender and qualifications between two groups of countries categorized as"long working hours with low wages"and"short working hours with low wages".However,there is no significant difference in terms of the demand for educational skills and student-teacher ratios.Through comparison,it is evident that non-monetary reward is a crucial feature of the teaching profession,and the teacher labor market is distinctly employer-oriented.In addition,excessive requirements for new teachers may have adverse effects on the education system.

关 键 词：教师工资 工作时长 教师劳动力市场 OECD国家 

分 类 号：G635.1[文化科学—教育学]