乡村人地系统耦合研究进展与展望  

Progress and prospects of rural human-earth system coupling research

作　　者：胡斯威 王永生[1] 曹智[1] HU Siwei;WANG Yongsheng;CAO Zhi(Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2023年第12期2439-2452,共14页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41931293,42271279)。

摘　　要：现代人类活动对地球表层资源环境的利用方式和影响程度在不断变化,人地圈环境和人类社会可持续发展正面临严峻挑战。人地系统耦合研究是破解生态环境和社会经济问题的综合途径,然而目前对乡村人地系统耦合研究的认识还不够充分。因此,梳理乡村人地系统耦合研究进展对于促进人地系统科学发展,支持人地系统协调与可持续发展决策具有重要意义。研究发现,乡村人地系统耦合是乡村社会经济系统与自然生态系统交互作用、相互影响的综合过程,形成了“过程—机理—格局—效应—调控”的理论范式。乡村人地系统耦合的研究主题主要包括乡村自然社会要素耦合过程格局、气候变化对农业生产的影响反馈、城镇化对乡村发展的驱动效应、全球化与农业贸易的远程作用、政策管理与工程治理的调控响应5个方面,研究方法主要涉及耦合评价模型和耦合机理模型。针对多尺度乡村人地系统耦合互馈和传导机制的研究不足以及数据模型匮乏,未来研究应当注重探测结构转型和尺度延伸下的乡村人地系统耦合过程与格局,探析要素流动和效应传导下的乡村人地系统耦合机理,探寻数据驱动和模型集成下的乡村人地系统模拟和决策方法,探明人与自然和谐共生和全球可持续发展目标下的乡村人地系统协调路径。The utilization of the resources and environment and the impact on the Earth system of modern human activities have been undergoing great changes.The environment and sustainable development of human society are facing severe challenges.The study of human-earth system coupling provides integrated approaches for solving ecological and socioeconomic problems.However,the understanding of the rural human-earth system coupling is insufficient.Therefore,reviewing the progress of research on rural human-earth system coupling is of great significance for promoting the development of human-earth system science and supporting the decision making for coordinated and sustainable development.The results of this study show that rural human-earth system coupling is a comprehensive process of interaction and mutual influence between the rural socioeconomic system and the natural ecosystem,forming a theoretical paradigm of"process-mechanism-patterneffect-regulation".The research themes mainly include five aspects,namely,the process and pattern of rural natural and social elements coupling,the influence and feedback of climate change on agricultural production,the driving mechanism of urbanization on rural development,the telecoupling effect of globalization and agricultural trade,and the regulation effects of policy intervention and engineering measures.The research methods mainly involve the coupling evaluation models and the coupling mechanism models.Given the insufficient research on the mutual feedback and transmission mechanisms of rural human-earth system coupling at multiple scales and the lack of data models,future studies should focus on detecting the coupling process and pattern of rural human-earth system under structure transformation and scale extension,analyzing the coupling mechanism of rural human-earth system under elements flow and effects cascade,exploring the simulation and decision-making methods of rural human-earth system that are data-driven and characterized by model integration,and finding the coordinatio

关 键 词：人地系统耦合 人地系统科学 乡村地域系统 过程—机理—格局 乡村可持续发展 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F323[经济管理—产业经济]