安徽省农村老年人轻度认知障碍与肌少症共病的影响因素  

Research on comorbidity of mild cognitive impairment and sarcopenia among old people in rural areas of Anhui Province

作　　者：郑一苇 张燕[1] 张静雅 王青 娄旭[2] 陈任[1] 沈国栋 ZHENG Yiwei;ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Jingya;WANG Qing;LOU Xu;CHEN Ren;SHEN Guodong(School of Health Services Management,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230051,China;Department of Physical Education Management,Anhui Vocational and Technical College of Sports,Hefei 230052,China;Department of Geriatrics,First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230051,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学卫生管理学院,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽体育运动职业技术学院体育教育管理系,安徽合肥230052 [3]中国科学技术大学附属第一医院老年医学科,安徽合肥230051

出　　处：《山东第一医科大学（山东省医学科学院）学报》2023年第12期917-922,共6页Journal of Shandong First Medical University ＆ Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(72004003);安徽省优秀科研创新团队项目(2023AH010036);安徽省教育厅高校科研重点项目(2022AH053118);安徽省大学生创新创业训练项目(S202210366103)。

摘　　要：目的对安徽省两地农村地区60岁以上的老年人进行轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)和肌少症的筛查,了解农村老年人MCI和肌少症共病的流行状况及其影响因素,以期为制定二者的共同预防和共同管理策略提供依据。方法采用方便抽样,在安徽省霍山县和临泉县的农村地区各抽取2~3个自然村开展研究。采用二元logistic回归进行共病的影响因素分析,数据分析和绘图采用SPSS、Stata软件完成。结果年龄、性别、抑郁、日常生活能力(activity of daily living,ADL)量表评分以及体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)是MCI和肌少症共病的影响因素。与男性相比,女性患MCI与肌少症共病风险更高(OR=2.702,95%CI:1.436~5.083)。年龄每增加1岁,MCI与肌少症共病风险显著上升(OR=1.073,95%CI:1.029~1.119)。有抑郁症状的研究对象MCI和肌少症共病的风险更高(OR=2.764,95%CI:1.653~4.623),此外,BMI指数较高的研究对象共病风险更高(OR=1.080,95%CI:1.018~1.146)。然而,研究对象ADL评分越高,共病风险越低(OR=0.871,95%CI:0.837~0.907)。结论在安徽省部分农村地区老年人MCI和肌少症共病的患病率较高;女性和高龄老人是农村地区MCI和肌少症共病的重要危险因素;有抑郁症状、高BMI可能导致老年人MCI和肌少症共病的风险增加;较高的日常活动能力与较低的MCI和肌少症共病风险有关。Objective:To screen elderly people aged 60 and above in rural areas of Anhui Province for mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and sarcopenia,to understand the prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of MCI and sarcopenia among rural elderly people,and to provide a basis for formulating strategies for joint prevention and management of the two.Methods:Convenient sampling was used to select 2~3 natural villages from rural areas of Huoshan County and Linquan County in Anhui Province,and eligible subjects were invited to conduct research in the selected areas.Binary logistic regression was used to score the influencing factors of the comorbidity.Data analysis and plotting were completed using SPSS and Stata software.Results:Age,gender,depression,ADL score,and BMI were the influencing factors of comorbidity of MCI and sarcopenia.Compared to men,women had a higher risk of comorbidity of MCI and sarcopenia(OR=2.702,95%CI:1.436-5.083).For age increase of each year,the risk of comorbidity of MCI and sarcopenia significantly increased(OR=1.073,95%CI:1.029-1.119).Subjects with depressive symptoms had a higher risk of comorbidity of MCI and possible sarcopenia(OR=2.764,95%CI=1.653-4.623),and those with a higher BMI index had a higher risk of comorbidity(OR=1.080,95%CI=1.018-1.146).However,the higher the ADL score of the study subjects was,the lower the risk of comorbidity was(OR=0.871,95%CI:0.837-0.907).Conclusion:The prevalence of comorbidity of MCI and sarcopenia among elderly people in some rural areas of Anhui Province is relatively high;women and the elderly are important risk factors for comorbidity of MCI and sarcopenia in rural areas;the presence of depressive symptoms and high BMI may increase the risk of comorbidity of MCI and sarcopenia in the elderly,which is a controllable risk based on the nature of the risk factors;higher daily activity ability is associated with lower risk of comorbidity of MCI and sarcopenia.

关 键 词：轻度认知障碍 肌少症 共病 老年人 农村 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R685[医药卫生—临床医学]