复数借款担保纠纷的诉讼类型解析与程序展开  

Analysis of Litigation Types and Program Development of Complex Loan Guarantee Disputes

作　　者：李海鑫 LI Haixin(Civil,Commercial and Economic Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100091

出　　处：《乐山师范学院学报》2023年第12期67-74,共8页Journal of Leshan Normal University

基　　金：2021年度重庆市社会科学规划英才计划项目“诉讼促进视角下民事审判权运行机制研究”(2021YC056);2021年重庆市研究生科研创新项目“诉之客观合并制度研究”(CYS21170);西南政法大学法学院2022年度学生科研创新项目“复数借款担保纠纷诉讼形态问题研究”(FXY2022055)。

摘　　要：对于借款人和贷款人相同、保证人不同的复数借款担保纠纷诉讼形态问题,立法未予明确回应,肇致司法实务观点分歧:或直接认定为诉之客观合并,将不同诉讼合并审理一并裁判;或以当事人同意合并为前提,原则上分案审理、分别裁判。“直并”审理的方式带有强职权主义色彩,曲解了复杂诉讼形态的理论界分,未必符合诉讼经济原则,应予摒弃。“分审同并”的裁判进路避免了审判方式的固化,具有灵活性与变通性,更契合我国当事人主义民商事审判改革,宜为实务最佳进路。我国宜以原则与例外的方式构建复数借款担保诉讼的审判方式,并在起诉与受理、审理与裁判、当事人救济等方面对规则加以细化。The legislation does not give a clear response to the litigation form of complex loan guarantee disputes with the same borrower and lender and different guarantors,which leads to the divergence of views in judicial practice.Either it may be directly recognized as an objective merger of claims,and different actions may be tried together and adjudicated together or on the premise that the parties agree to merge,they shall,in principle,hear cases separately and adjudicate separately.The trial way of "direct combination" with strong power doctrine,misinterpreting the theoretical division of complex litigation form,may not be in line with the economical principle of litigation,and should be abandoned.The judgment approach of "separate trial and agreement to combine",flexible and adaptable,avoids the solidification of the trial mode,and is more in line with the reform of civil and commercial trials of party doctrine in our country,so it should be the best practice approach.It is advisable to construct the trial mode of complex loan guarantee litigation based on principles and exceptions,and to elaborate the rules in prosecution and acceptance,trial and judgment,party relief and so on.

关 键 词：复数借款担保纠纷 诉讼形态 合并审理 当事人主义 

分 类 号：DF72[政治法律—诉讼法学]