韵母类型对听障儿童不同塞音嗓音起始时间的影响  

A Study on the Influence of the Type of Finals on the Onset Time of the Stop Voice of Hearing Impaired Children

作　　者：高雍象 吴迪[3] 冯岩 冯叶 王佳汝 余英 田成华[1] Gao Yongxiang;Wu Di;Feng Yan;Feng Ye;Wang Jiaru;Yu Ying;Tian Chenghua(不详;Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou,310053,China;Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital)

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学,杭州310053 [2]宁波市康复医院 [3]杭州师范大学经亨颐教育学院心理(特教)系 [4]浙江省衢州市特殊教育学校

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2024年第1期38-42,共5页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：宁波市康复医院院级科研基金(2022KY11)。

摘　　要：目的探究韵母类型对听障儿童不同塞音嗓音起始时间(voice onset time,VOT)的影响,为其塞音习得及矫正提供依据。方法随机选取3~6岁听障儿童和健听儿童各22例,录制6个塞音(/b/、/p/、/d/、/t/、/g/、/h/)与3个单韵母(/a/、/i/或/e/、/u/)所组成的18个辅-元(consonant-vowel,CV)音节,声调均为第一声。使用Praat 6.1.29软件提取VOT值,对每种塞音采用双因素方差分析,因变量为VOT,自变量为听力状况、韵母类型。结果听障组儿童/t/、/g/、/k/发音存在构音错误。听力状况对塞音/g/、/p/、/t/、/k/主效应效果显著(P<0.05),健听组塞音/g/、/p/、/t/、/k/的VOT显著大于听障组(P<0.05)。韵母类型对塞音/b/、/p/、/t/VOT主效应效果显著(P<0.05)。听力状况与韵母类型在塞音/t/VOT上产生交互效应,简单主效应显示,听障组与健听组/ti/音VOT差异大于/ta/及/tu/。结论听障儿童塞音/g/、/p/、/t/、/k/音的VOT小于健听儿童,听障组与健听组/ti/音的VOT差异大于/ta/及/tu/。对听障儿童/t/音教学,可以先从差异较小的/ta/、/tu/开始,后期巩固/ti/音,并且注重呼吸及口部运动训练,为清晰发音奠定良好的基础。Objective To investigate the effect of final vowel types on the voice onset time(VOT)of different stops in children with hearing impairment,and to provide a basis for the acquisition and correction of stop sounds.Methods A total of 22 hearing-impaired children aged 3~6 and 22 children with normal hearing were randomly selected-18 consonant-vowel(CV)syllables composed of 6 stops and 3 single finals were recorded,using first tone.Using Praat 6.1.29 software to analyze and extract the stops VOT.Two-way ANOVA was used for each stop,the dependent variable was VOT,and the independent variables were hearing status and final type.Results Children in the hearing-impaired group had articulation errors in/t/,/g/,and/k/.Hearing status had significant effect on the main effect of plosives/g/,/p/,/t/,/k/(P<0.05),and the VOT of slurs/g/,/p/,/t/,/k/in the normal hearing group significantly greater than the hearing-impaired group(P<0.05).The main effect of finals on the VOT of the stops/b/,/p/and/t/was significant(P<0.05).Hearing status and final type had an interactive effect on the stop/t/,and the simple main effect showed that the difference in VOT of/ti/between the hearing-impaired group and the normal hearing group was greater than that of/ta/and/tu/.Conclusion The stops/g/,/p/,/t/,/k/VOT of hearing-impaired children are smaller than those of with normal hearing.The difference in VOT of/ti/sound between the hearing impaired group and the normal hearing group is greater than that of/ta/sound and/tu/sound.In the teaching of the initial/t/sound for hearing-impaired children,we can start with/ta/and/tu/with less difference,and the/ti/sound is consolidated later.Pay attention to breathing and oral exercise training,to lay a good foundation for clear pronunciation.

关 键 词：嗓音起始时间 塞音 韵母 听障儿童 

分 类 号：H018.4[语言文字—语言学]