普惠性创业扶持政策何以实现农民增收  

How Can Inclusive Support Policies Achieve Common Prosperity in Rural Areas

作　　者：牛晓燕 李宝琦 王轶[1] NIU Xiaoyan;LI Baoqi;WANG Yi(School of Economics,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing100048,China;School of Economics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学经济学院,北京100048 [2]南京大学经济学院,南京210093

出　　处：《商业研究》2023年第6期78-86,共9页Commercial Research

基　　金：北京市教委社科计划一般项目“北京市农地经营权流转价值评估研究”,项目编号:202010011010;国家社会科学基金重点项目“数字经济推动农村地区共同富裕的机制与路径研究”,项目编号:22AJL103。

摘　　要：实现共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求和全体人民的共同愿景,提升农民收入是实现共同富裕的前提。本文基于2019年2139家全国返乡创业企业的调查数据,研究返乡创业企业获得普惠性创业扶持政策对当地农民增收的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:返乡创业企业获得技能培训、税收减免和技术支持等普惠性创业扶持政策能显著提高农民收入;普惠政策实现农民增收包含两种途径,提升返乡创业活跃度来创造更多的就业岗位,以及改善返乡创业企业的营商环境来实现当地农民增收;普惠政策对农民收入的影响具有明显的企业异质性,东部地区返乡创业企业获得技能培训政策最有益于当地农民增收;对于一产、二产和高端三产业,税收减免政策的增收效应更为显著;价值型企业收入受技术支持政策影响最大。应进一步深化和完善普惠性返乡创业扶持,激发农民返乡创业的积极性,改善农村地区的营商环境,通过普惠性返乡创业扶持惠及更多的返乡创业企业来实现农民增收,推动农民农村共同富裕。Achieving common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and the common vision of all the people,while increasing farmers’income is a key issue in the process of promoting common prosperity.Based on the survey data of 2,139 nationally returning entrepreneurial enterprises in 2019,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of inclusive policies on farmers’income and the mechanism of action.The research found that:The inclusive entrepreneurship support policies,such as skills training,tax exemption and technical support,can significantly increase farmers’income.There are two ways to increase farmers’income through inclusive policies:increasing the activity of homeward-bound start-ups to create more jobs,and improving the business environment for homeward-bound start-ups to increase local farmers’income.The effect of inclusive policy on farmers’income has obvious enterprise heterogeneity.In the eastern region,the policy of skills training is most beneficial to the income of local farmers;for the primary industry,secondary industry and high-end three industries,the revenue-increasing effect of the tax deduction policy is more significant;and the revenue of value-based enterprises is most affected by technology support policy.Therefore,it is necessary to further actively promote the implementation of inclusive policies,strengthen the implementation of support policies,create a good entrepreneurial atmosphere and business environment for the county economy,increase farmers’income,and help the realization of common prosperity in rural areas.

关 键 词：普惠性创业扶持政策 返乡创业 农民增收 共同富裕 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]