体外产气法评定茶渣替代苜蓿的可行性研究  

Evaluation on The Feasibility of Tea Residue in Substitution of Alfalfa by Gas Production Technology In Vitro

作　　者：牛歆然 杨艺[1] 吴文旋[1] 陈鑫珠[2] 王翀[3] 茅慧玲[3] 朱雯 NIU Xinran;YANG Yi;WU Wenxuan;CHEN Xinzhu;WANG Chong;MAO Huiling;ZHU Wen(Key Lab of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region of Education Ministry,College of Animal Science,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Institute of New Rural Development,Key Lab of Plateau Mountain Livestock Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Technology of Guizhou Province,Guizhou University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fujian Fuzhou 350013,China;College of Animal Science and Technology&College of Veterinary Medicine,Zhejiang A&F University,Zhejiang Hangzhou 311300,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Anhui Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,动物科学学院,动物营养与饲料科学研究所,新农村发展研究院,贵州省山地畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术工程实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福建福州350013 [3]浙江农林大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州311300 [4]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第1期118-124,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金[31960674];福建省公益类竞争性项目(2023R1075);贵州省农业科技支撑计划项目[黔科合支撑[2020]1Y081、[2022]一般127]。

摘　　要：试验旨在利用体外产气法比较茶渣与苜蓿的肉羊瘤胃体外发酵参数,评价茶渣用作肉羊饲料及替代苜蓿的可行性。选取4只山羊作为瘤胃液供体,利用ANKOM RFS产气测量系统,测定苜蓿、茶渣体外发酵产气量、发酵参数、纤维素酶活性。结果表明:(1)苜蓿组12、24、48 h累计产气量、慢速发酵部分产气量、潜在产气量均显著高于茶渣组(P<0.05);两组间快速发酵部分产气量、产气速率并未见显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)茶渣组pH较苜蓿组显著降低(P<0.05);苜蓿组干物质降解率显著低于茶渣组(P<0.05),氨态氮浓度显著高于茶渣组(P<0.05),苜蓿组可消化有机物、有机物降解率及代谢能均显著高于茶渣组(P<0.05)。(3)两组总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、甲烷产量和乙酸/丙酸值差异均不显著(P>0.05),但苜蓿组丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸含量均显著高于茶渣组(P<0.05)。(4)两组羧甲基纤维素酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05),苜蓿组木聚糖酶活性显著高于茶渣组(P<0.05)。由此可见,茶渣可作为肉羊非常规饲料开发利用,但养分可利用程度不如苜蓿,不能完全替代苜蓿。This study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility of replacing alfalfa with tea residue through assessing the rumen fermentation parameters using gas production in vitro.Four goats were used as the donor of rumen fluid.The ANKOM RFS gas production measurement system was used to determine the in vitro gas production,rumen fermentation parameters,and cellulase activity of alfalfa and tea residue.The results showed that:①alfalfa has a higher gas production than tea residue at 12 h,24 h,48 h,potential gas production and a higher slow part of gas production(P<0.05).There are no significant differences in the gas production rate,fast part of gas production between two groups(P>0.05).②The pH of tea residue was lower compared with alfalfa(P<0.05).Alfalfa had a reduced dry matter degradation level and had an increased NH3-N level relative to tea residue(P<0.05),and the DMO,OMD and ME of alfafa group is significantly higher than the tea residue group(P<0.05).③There were no significant differences in total volatile fatty acids,acetate,methane production and acetate/propionate ratio between alfalfa and tea residue(P>0.05).The levels of propionate,isobutyrate,butyrate,isovalerate,and valerate in the alfalfa was higher than tea residue(P<0.05).④No significant difference in carboxymethyl cellulase andβ-glucosidase cellulase activity occurred for alfalfa and tea residue(P>0.05).However,the xylanase activity of alfalfa was higher than tea residue(P<0.05).It can be speculated that tea residue can be used as feed for goats,but alfalfa has a priority of rumen fermentation parameters over tea residue and thus tea residue can not completely replace alfalfa.

关 键 词：茶渣 体外发酵 产气量 发酵参数 肉羊 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]