人际互动作用下集群行为的演化逻辑与治理  

Evolutionary Logic and Governance of Collective Behavior under the Action of Interpersonal Interaction

作　　者：何晓晨[1] 杜海峰[1] 王洋 李光煜 HE Xiaochen;DU Haifeng;LI Guangyu(School of Public Policy and Administration,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期178-187,共10页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDA048);国家自然科学基金(72104194);国家社会科学基金重点项目(21AGL028)。

摘　　要：中国社会正经历全面转型阶段,社会利益主体的阶层分化和利益冲突使阶层关系日趋复杂,由此引发的集群行为对中国公共安全造成严重威胁。针对不同社会情景下集群行为演化逻辑进行科学分析,进而为有效控制和预防恶性集群事件(行为)提供参考,具有重要的社会意义。集群行为是公共管理经典研究问题,传统的社会科学研究范式难以从微观视角属性理解集群行为的涌现特征以及整体结构,进而难以对机制进行精确剖析。在已有集群行为理论与研究基础上,创新性地构建了“理性与非理性动因—影响与独立场域”的综合解释框架,结合信息接收与处理机制的探讨对集群行为的演化逻辑进行理论上的再构建,形成了全局完备、局部完备、全局不完备与局部不完备信息传播机制下的演化链条;进一步引入社会计算领域中的复杂网络理论与信息传播模型,对集群行为演化传递过程建模。在总体框架指导下,依据不同情景与传播机制下的分析框架与演化模型对演化过程进行数学分析,发现集群行为的演化存在自校正性,较大的社会影响以及有限的时间是阻止集群行为自校正的环境制约,导致系统不可预测性与路径依赖性。在结构化的人群中,发现稀疏网络有利于集群行为的消散,但无标度网络增强了系统中社会影响的自强化性。通过计算机模拟以及基于农民工实证数据的仿真实验,对集群行为的一般化与特殊化机制进行讨论,发现农民工的正式网络结构与无标度网络结构在集群行为的演化上呈现相似特征,处在正式网络关键位置的农民工对于集群行为的发动具有重大影响。Given that Chinese society is currently undergoing a comprehensive transitional phase characterized by intensifying stratification and conflicting interests among social classes,which has led to the increase of self-initiated events aimed at interest maintenance.The ensuing collective behaviors consequently pose considerable challenges to maintaining social order and stability in China.With the aim of adequately mitigating and forestalling potentially deleterious collective behavior.It is of great significance to study the evolutionary logic of collective behaviors under different circumstances,and thus provide a scientific reference for effectively controlling and preventing the malignant events of collective behaviors.The evolution of collective behaviors is a complex public-administration problem with nonlinear characteristics.Domestic scholars have put forward a series of explanatory frameworks for grassroots populace involvement in collective behaviors by integrating western theories with Chinese context.However,traditional methodologies of social science research can hardly understand the emergence characteristics and the overall structure of collective behaviors from the perspective of microcosmic units,and it is difficult to accurately analyze the specific social mechanism.Based on the existing theories and research of collective behaviors,and leveraging computational sociological thinking and approaches in an innovative manner,we firstly constructed a comprehensive interpretation framework generalizing the evolution of collective behavior into different dimensions of the rational-irrational and independent-influenced ones,and reconstructs the evolutionary logic of collective behaviors in theory combining with the discussion of information receiving and processing mechanism.Four kinds of the information diffusion mechanisms including the global-complete,local-complete,global-incomplete and local-incomplete evolutions were then formed.The complex network theory and information diffusion models in the field

关 键 词：集群行为 人际互动 社会计算 复杂网络 信息传播 演化模型 农民工 

分 类 号：C912.3[经济管理] G206[社会学] D035[文化科学—传播学]