甲基苯丙胺依赖者情绪状态的长程变化及影响因素:一项8年随访调查  

Long-term changes and influencing factors of emotional state in methamphetamine dependents:an 8-year follow-up study

作　　者：龙艳 李瑞华 魏义承 陈天真 杜江[1] LONG Yan;LI Ruihua;WEI Yicheng(Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心,上海200030 [2]山东省精神卫生中心

出　　处：《国际精神病学杂志》2023年第6期1383-1387,共5页Journal Of International Psychiatry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82171484);上海交通大学“交大之星”计划医工交叉研究基金项目(编号:YG2023ZD25)。

摘　　要：目的探索甲基苯丙胺(methamphetamine,MA)依赖者强制隔离戒毒后情绪状态(抑郁、焦虑)的长程变化情况及其影响因素,从而为理解MA依赖者的心理健康水平变化特征并为进一步改善临床转归提供潜在方向。方法本研究为一项纵向随访调查研究,对2012-2013年自上海强制隔离戒毒所入组的574名MA依赖者在8年后进行随访调查,以完成基线评估和随访调查的283名MA依赖者为研究对象。采用χ^(2)检验比较基线和随访时(8年后)抑郁、焦虑的变化情况,采用多元线性回归分析探索8年后抑郁、焦虑的影响因素。结果与基线相比,随访时存在抑郁状态、焦虑状态的MA依赖者比例显著降低(P<0.001);基于随访数据的多元线性回归分析结果显示,应激感受越高、患有躯体疾病、危险及有害饮酒风险越高以及家庭支持度越低的MA依赖者,抑郁得分越高;应激感受越高、患有躯体疾病、生活满意度越高以及家庭支持度越低的MA依赖者,焦虑得分越高(P值皆<0.05)。结论8年后MA依赖者抑郁、焦虑状况显著改善。其中,家庭支持是MA依赖者抑郁和焦虑的保护因素,高应激感受、患有躯体疾病和危险及有害饮酒则是MA依赖者高抑郁得分的危险因素,高应激感受、患有躯体疾病、高生活满意度是MA依赖者高焦虑得分的危险因素。Objective To explore the long-term changes in emotional state(depression,anxiety)and its influencing factors in methamphetamine(MA)dependents after leaving the detoxification center,so as to provide a potential direction for understanding the changing characteristics of the mental health level of MA dependents and further improving clinical outcomes.Methods This is a longitudinal follow-up study.The follow-up study was conducted among 574MA dependents enrolled in Compulsory Isolation Detoxification Center in Shanghai from 2012-2013 after 8 years.283MA dependents who completed the baseline assessment and follow-up survey were included as the study subjects.The chi-square test was used to compare the changes in depression and anxiety at baseline and follow-up(8 years later).Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of depression and anxiety after 8 years.Results The proportion of MA dependents with depression or anxiety at follow-up was significantly lower compared to baseline(P<0.001).The results of multiple linear regression analysis based on follow-up data showed that MA dependents with high-stress perception,physical disease,high risk of dangerous and harmful drinking,and low family support had higher depression scores.MA dependents with high-stress perception,physical disease,high life satisfaction,and low family support had higher anxiety scores(P<0.05).Conclusion Eight years later,depression and anxiety in MA dependents were significantly improved.Among them,family support is a protective factor for depression and anxiety in MA dependents.High-stress perception,physical disease,and dangerous and harmful drinking are risk factors for high depression scores in MA dependents.High-stress perception,physical disease,and high life satisfaction are risk factors for high anxiety scores in MA dependents.

关 键 词：甲基苯丙胺 抑郁 焦虑 长程随访 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.99[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]