论黑格尔《精神现象学》中自我意识发展的内在逻辑动力  

On the Internal Logic Power of Self-consciousness Development in Hegel's The Phe-nomenology of Mind

作　　者：邓小丰 Deng Xiaofeng

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学学院

出　　处：《德国哲学》2023年第1期43-66,261,共25页Chinese Journal of German Philosophy

摘　　要：本文的主题是解读黑格尔《精神现象学》自我意识章的内在逻辑进展,表明自我意识是一个从低级到高级的必然过程,而这一必然过程的内在动力则是隐含在每个意识形态中的努斯精神。自我意识自身进展的最初的逻辑动力就是“欲望一般”。任何欲望都是个体为了活下去而产生的“冲动”,它构成了自我意识的逻辑进程最初的内在动力。在这种欲望冲动的无限进展中,自我意识进入第二阶段即生命本身。生命作为这一阶段的动力将自我意识推向了普遍性,体现为第三阶段的动力即“类”。类就把自我意识的逻辑动力从生物学的层次提升到了精神的层次,并进入了历史。在自我意识章呈现出自我意识对其他自我意识的独立与依赖、生死斗争以及由此形成的主奴关系和互相承认,按照个别、特殊和普遍的逻辑层次,最终为普遍理性的形成奠定了基础。The theme of this paper is to interpret the internal logical progress of self-con-sciousness chapter in Hegel's The Phenomenology of Mind,and show that self-consciousness is an inevitable process from low level to high level,from childish to mature,and from external to internal,and the internal motive force of this inevitable process is the active Nuss spirit hid-den under each ideology.The initial logical driving force of self-awareness is“general desire”.Any desire is an individual's“impulse”to survive,which constitutes the initial internal mo-tivation of the logical process of self-awareness.In this infinite progress of desire and impulse,self-consciousness enters the second stage,that is,life itself.As the motive force of this stage,life pushes self-consciousness to universality,which is embodied in the motive force of the third stage,namely“class”.Class promotes the logical motivation of self-conscious-ness from the biological level to the spiritual level,and enters the history.In the chapter of self-consciousness,the independence and dependence of self-consciousness on other self-consciousness,the struggle for life and death,the relationship between master and slave and mutual recognition formed from it are presented,which finally lays the foundation for the for-mation of universal reason according to the logical level of individual,special and universal.

关 键 词：黑格尔 自我意识 逻辑结构 内在动力 《精神现象学》 

分 类 号：B516.35[哲学宗教—外国哲学]