不同产区华硕苹果品质差异性分析  

Analysis on the difference in fruit quality of Huashuo apples from different areas

作　　者：鲁兴凯 马勉娣 谭安超 曾厅余 马静 吴冬 全勇 LU Xingkai;MAMiandi;TAN Anchao;ZENG Tingyu;MAJing;WU Dong;QUAN Yong(Zhaotong Apple Industry Development Center,Zhaotong 657000,Yunnan,China;Zhaotong Meteorological Bureau,Zhaotong 657000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昭通市苹果产业发展中心,云南昭通657000 [2]昭通市气象局,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第1期30-40,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：云南省昭通市鲲鹏计划-高层次领军人才项目。

摘　　要：【目的】分析和评价不同产区华硕苹果果实品质,为苹果品质评价、区域适应性研究和优化布局提供学术理论参考。【方法】用F检验和双侧t检验对不同产区间华硕苹果果实品质指标差异显著性分析,用变异系数权重法和TOP-SIS法对分类品质性状和综合品质性状进行比较评价。【结果】(1)果面颜色a值、咀嚼性、维生素C含量、总酸含量和糖酸比5项指标不同产区间差异显著。(2)果面要素a值西南产区极显著高于环渤海湾产区,显著高于黄河故道产区;咀嚼性西南产区极显著高于黄土高原产区,显著高于黄河故道产区和环渤海湾产区;维生素C含量西南产区显著高于黄土高原产区和黄河故道产区;可溶性固形物含量黄土高原产区显著高于环渤海湾产区;总糖含量西南产区极显著低于黄河故道产区;总酸含量黄河故道产区显著低于环渤海湾产区。(3)西南产区外观品质性状和质地品质性状最优,黄河故道产区营养品质性状最优;综合得分西南产区25.804、黄土高原产区25.662、黄河故道产区25.541、环渤海湾产区20.865。【结论】不同产区华硕品质各有特点,综合评价西南产区最优、黄土高原产区其次、黄河故道产区和环渤海湾产区位列第三和第四,西南产区和黄土高原产区更有利于华硕品种优势和特色发挥。【Objective】Apple is the largest fruit in China,in terms of both planting area and production,making China the leading country in apple production and consumption worldwide.Over the course of more than a century,the cultivation of apples and advancements in scientific and technological progress have led to significant developments and transformations in the industry.This has resulted in the emer-gence of distinctive apple production areas in China,including the cold and cool highlands of Yunnan,Sichuan,and Guizhou provinces;the Bohai Bay area represented by Shandong,Liaoning,and Hebei provinces;the Ancient Channel of Yellow River area represented by eastern Henan and southwestern Shandong;and the Loess Plateau area represented by Shaanxi,Shanxi,western Henan,and Gansu prov-inces.These areas possess climatic factors that meet the growth and development requirements of apple trees.However,due to the vast territory of China and the wide distribution range of apple production ar-eas,there exist significant variations and differences in geographical factors such as longitude,latitude,and altitude.Consequently,the same apple variety exhibits distinct quality characteristics in different production areas.To further explore and comprehensively analyze the quality differences of apples in these four production areas,this study focused on the current industry status,which is dominated by the late-maturing variety,Red Fuji,accounting for approximately 70%of the production,with a severe shortage of early-to-mid maturing varieties.The study selected the Huashuo variety,an early-maturing and high-quality variety independently bred in China as the research object in four superior production areas.Modern statistical analysis methods were applied to compare quality indicators,aiming to pro-vide academic and theoretical references for apple variety quality evaluation,areal adaptability of excel-lent varieties,and planting layout and structural adjustment in China.【Methods】The fruits were select-ed from three different plots

关 键 词：华硕苹果 品质 产区 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]