情绪意识对幼儿教师情绪体验的影响:情绪调节策略的中介作用  

Influence of emotional awareness on emotional experience of preschool teachers:The mediating effect of emotion regulation strategies

作　　者：曲方炳 高甜雯 张傲子 代佳 王益楠 谷长伟 QU Fangbing;GAO Tianwen;ZHANG Aozi;DAI Jia;WANG Yinan;GU Changwei(College of Preschool Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing No.5 Kindergarten;Yangzhen Central Kindergarten)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学学前教育学院,北京100048 [2]北京市第五幼儿园 [3]北京市顺义区杨镇中心幼儿园

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2024年第2期245-251,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：北京市社科基金(编号:21JYC023)。

摘　　要：目的:通过分析情绪意识、情绪调节策略与情绪体验之间的关系,探讨影响幼儿教师情绪体验的因素并揭示其内在作用机制。方法:采用多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)、认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ)和正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)对576例幼儿教师进行问卷调查。结果:幼儿教师情绪意识70.65±9.87分;适应性情绪调节策略3.39±0.46分;不适应性情绪调节策略2.82±0.48分;正性情绪体验3.14±0.67分;负性情绪体验2.45±0.69分。情绪意识与正性情绪体验呈正相关(r=0.33,P<0.001),与负性情绪体验呈负相关(r=-0.32,P<0.001);适应性情绪调节策略与情绪意识及正、负情绪体验皆呈正相关(r=0.12,0.39,0.10;P<0.05),不适应性情绪调节策略与情绪意识及正性情绪体验呈负相关、与负性情绪体验呈正相关(r=-0.36,-0.11,0.48;P<0.01)。适应性、不适应性情绪调节策略在幼儿教师情绪意识与正性情绪体验间起部分中介作用,其间接效应占总效应的比例为19.82%和22.08%;不适应性情绪调节策略在幼儿教师情绪意识与负性体验间起部分中介作用,其间接效应占总效应的比例为48.03%。结论:幼儿教师的情绪意识会通过影响其对情绪调节策略的使用,进而影响幼儿教师的情绪体验。Objective:To explore the factors affecting preschool teachers'emotional experiences and reveal their intrinsic mechanisms of action by analyzing the relationship between emotional awareness,emotion regulation strategies and emotional experiences.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted on 576 preschool teachers using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20,the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire,and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule.Results:Preschool teachers scored emotional awareness(70.65±9.87);Adaptive emotion regulation strategies(3.39±0.46);Maladaptive emotion regulation strategies(2.82±0.48);Positive emotion experience(3.14±0.67);And negative emotion experience(2.45±0.69).Emotional awareness was positively correlated with positive emotional experience(r=0.33,P<0.001)and negatively correlated with negative emotional experience(r=-0.32,P<0.001),appropriate emotion regulation strategies were positively correlated with both emotional awareness and emotional experience(r=0.12,0.39,0.10;P<0.05),and non-adaptive emotion regulation strategies were negatively correlated with emotional awareness and positive emotional experiences and positively correlated with negative emotional experiences(r=-0.36,-0.11,0.48;P<0.01).Adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies partially mediated the relationship between teachers'emotional awareness and positive emotional experiences,with the indirect effect accounting for 19.82%and 22.08%of the total effect;Maladaptive emotion regulation strategies partially mediated the relationship between teachers'emotional awareness and negative experiences,with the indirect effect accounting for 47.12%of the total effect.Conclusion:Teachers'emotional awareness influences their use of emotion regulation strategies,which in turn influences their emotional experience.

关 键 词：情绪意识 情绪调节策略 情绪体验 中介作用 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]