长期种植紫花苜蓿对复垦土壤碳氮磷养分转化的影响  

Effect of Long-term Alfalfa Cultivation on Soil Carbon,Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrient Transformation in Reclaimed Lands

作　　者：明玉飞 朱桃川 张金豪 李传福 高舒 徐家林 李永强[1] 焦树英[1] MING Yu-fei;ZHU Tao-chuan;ZHANG Jin-hao;LI Chuan-fu;GAO Shu;XU Jia-lin;LI Yong-qiang;JIAO Shu-ying(College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University/National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer,Tai′an 271018,China;Dezhou Landscaping Service Center,Dezhou 253000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院/土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心,山东泰安271018 [2]德州市园林绿化服务中心,山东德州253000

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2024年第1期78-86,共9页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2020MC173);山东省农业科技资金(林业科技创新)项目(2019LY005);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0800602)。

摘　　要：为研究长期种植紫花苜蓿对复垦土壤质量改善和生物改土的效果,以种植作物地和撂荒地为对照,分析建筑复垦地多年种植紫花苜蓿土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)和全磷(TP)含量的化学计量特征变化。结果表明,长期种植紫花苜蓿显著降低土壤电导率(EC),对表层土壤保水效果较好,显著提升土壤有效养分含量(P<0.05);与作物地和撂荒地相比,苜蓿地土壤SOC和TN含量显著提高(P<0.05),但0~20 cm土壤TP含量显著低于作物地。3种土地利用类型0~20 cm土壤化学计量差异显著,苜蓿地土壤C/N显著低于作物地和撂荒地(P<0.05),而土壤C/P和N/P则表现为苜蓿地显著高于作物地和撂荒地(P<0.05)。种植紫花苜蓿有助于提升土壤有机碳氮活性组分,0~20 cm土层苜蓿地颗粒有机碳(POC)、易氧化有机碳(ROC)和微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量较作物地分别提高88.38%、17.24%和39.16%(P<0.05),苜蓿地颗粒有机氮(PON)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)和酸解有机氮组分含量最高,PON和MBN比作物地显著提高135.29%和17.39%,较撂荒地显著提高207.69%和28.41%。因此,长期种植紫花苜蓿对土壤质量和有机碳氮活性组分均有改善作用,研究结果可为退化土壤修复和复垦土壤生物改土效果提供参考。In order to study the effect of long-term planting of alfalfa on soil quality improvement three land uses were selected including the alfalfa land planted for 15 years adjacent to crop land and abandoned land,to determine the contents of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)and their fraction contents,and analyzed the stoichiometric characteristics.The results show that long-term planting of alfalfa can significantly reduce the soil electrical conductivity(EC),and increase the content of soil available nutrients(P<0.05).Compared with crop land and abandoned land,planting alfalfa significantly increased the contents of soil SOC and TN(P<0.05),but the content of soil TP in 0-20 cm was significantly lower than that in crop land.The stoichiometric difference was significant in 0-20 cm soil of the three land uses.The C/N in alfalfa land was significantly lower than that in crop land and abandoned land(P<0.05),while it was the opposite for C/P and N/P.Planting alfalfa is helpful to improve the content of active fractions of SOC and nitrogen.The contents of particulate organic carbon(POC),readily oxidizable organic carbon(ROC)and microbial biomass carbon(MBC)in 0-20 cm soil layer were significantly higher than those in crop land by 88.38%,17.24%and 39.16%,respectively(P<0.05).The contents of particulate organic nitrogen(PON),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)and acid hydrolyzed organic nitrogen in alfalfa land were the highest.Compared with crop land and abandoned land,the contents of PON and MBN in alfalfa land were significantly higher by 135.29%,17.39%and 207.69%,28.41%,respectively.Therefore,the long-term planting of alfalfa can actively improve and enhance soil quality and the active fractions of organic carbon and nitrogen.The research results could provide reference for the remediation of degraded land and the improment of soil quality for reclaimed land.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 土地利用类型 碳氮磷化学计量 土壤碳氮有机组分 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学] S156[农业科学—农业基础科学]