基于经典成核理论的跑道结冰温度建模及仿真  

Modeling and Simulation of Freezing Temperature on Runway Surface Based on Classical Nucleation Theory

作　　者：陈斌 丁宇[1,2] 崔静 王立文 CHEN Bin;DING Yu;CUI Jing;WANG Liwen(School of Electronic Information and Automation,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Aeronautical Ground Special Equipment Research Base,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;School of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学电子信息与自动化学院,天津300300 [2]中国民航大学航空地面特种设备研究基地,天津300300 [3]中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第2期201-212,共12页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-中国民航局民航联合研究基金资助(U1933107);国家自然科学基金面上项目(52076212)。

摘　　要：目的 为进行积冰事件的预测,减小跑道积冰对飞机地面运行安全的影响,对跑道表面结冰温度展开研究。方法 从微观角度分析冰核在固体表面的形成机理,以接触角参数表示材料表面特性,基于经典成核理论建立结冰温度模型,在不同的边界条件下进行相应的数值模拟和跑道表面结冰的仿真模拟实验,最后完成模拟跑道低温环境的结冰温度实验。结果 对于机场跑道环境下因飞机轮胎摩擦而留有胶迹的水泥道面,胶迹比水泥更易结冰;以醋酸钙为主要成分的机场跑道除冰液可抑制跑道结冰,质量分数越大,抑制作用越强,从质量分数5%提高到40%时,结冰温度降低12.02℃;最后通过在模拟跑道低温环境下的实验,对比得出该模型的预测结果与实际值之间的误差约为0.94℃。结论 材料的表面自由能越高,结冰温度越高;高粗糙度对结冰起促进作用;机场跑道除冰液通过降低道面冰核的形核率和半径生长速率来抑制跑道结冰,质量分数越大,抑制作用越强;该模型可以为跑道积冰预警提供结冰温度预测的理论基础。The work aims to study the freezing temperature of runway surface,predict ice accumulation events and reduce the impact of runway ice accumulation on the safety of aircraft ground operations.The formation mechanism of ice nuclei on solid surfaces was analyzed from a microscopic point of view.The contact angle parameters were used to represent the material surface properties.A freezing temperature model was established based on the classical nucleation theory.The corresponding numerical simulations and runway surface freezing simulation experiments were carried out under different boundary conditions,and finally the freezing temperature experiments simulating the runway low temperature environment were completed.The results of the runway freezing simulation showed that for the concrete runway surface with rubber traces left by aircraft tire friction,the rubber traces were more prone to freeze than cement.The airport runway deicing fluid with calcium acetate as the main component could inhibit runway freezing by reducing the nucleation rate and radius growth rate of ice nuclei on the runway surface,and the larger the mass fraction,the stronger the inhibitory effect.When the mass fraction was increased from 5% to 40%,the freezing temperature was reduced by 12.02 ℃.Finally,experiments were conducted to simulate the low temperature environment of the runway.It was obtained through comparison that the error between the prediction result of the model and the actual value was about 0.94 ℃.The higher the surface free energy of the material,the higher the freezing temperature.High roughness promotes the freezing.The airport runway deicing fluid inhibits the runway freezing by reducing the nucleation rate and radius growth rate of runway ice nuclei.The larger the mass fraction,the stronger the inhibitory effect.This model provides a theoretical basis for predicting the freezing temperature for warning of runway ice accumulation.

关 键 词：冰核 结冰温度 表面自由能 粗糙度 数值模拟 除冰液 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]