中国2010—2020年有毒植物乌头中毒流行病学与时空聚集分析  

Epidemiological and spatio-temporal clustering analysis of aconite poisoning in China from 2010 to 2020

作　　者：王志圆 郭云昌 付萍 刘志涛[3] 王娅芳[4] 梁进军[5] 成涵 赵杰 杨淑香[1] 范鹏辉 李宁 刘继开 WANG Zhiyuan;GUO Yunchang;FU Ping;LIU Zhitao;WANG Yafang;LIANG Jinjun;CHENG Han;ZHAO Jie;YANG Shuxiang;FAN Penghui;LI Ning;LIU Jikai(School of Public Health,Weifang Medical University,Shandong Weifang 261053,China;China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100022,China;Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yunnan Kunming 650022,China;Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guizhou Guiyang 550004,China;Hunan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hu’nan Changsha 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100022 [3]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650022 [4]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004 [5]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2023年第9期1370-1374,共5页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2602303)。

摘　　要：目的分析2010—2020年我国乌头中毒事件的流行病学特征和空间聚集性,为制定精确预警和防控措施提供借鉴。方法收集2010—2020年国家食源性疾病监测网报告的乌头中毒事件,并作描述性分析和时空扫描分析。结果2010—2020年共收集到乌头中毒暴发事件380起,涉及发病1889例,死亡75例,病死率为3.97%(75/1889)。10~12月的发病人数最多,累计发病787例,占41.66%(787/1889)。云南省发生事件占所有乌头中毒暴发事件的86.84%(330/380),发生场所为家庭的事件占所有发生事件的90.26%(343/380)。加工不当是主要的引发环节,导致暴发事件171起,占所有发生事件的45.00%(171/380)。时空扫描结果显示,聚集性区域有5个,一类聚集区为云南省的昆明市,聚集时间为2015年6月至2020年11月,二类聚集区有4个,涵盖20个市。结论应在乌头中毒事件聚集地区重点防控,在高发月份来临前,对高危人群、高危食用方法进行宣传普及以提高人们的防护意识,减少中毒事件的发生。Objective Analysis of the epidemiological and spatio-temporal clustering of aconite poisoning incidents in China from 2010 to 2020 was performed to provide a reference for the development of precise prevention and control measures and the construction of an early warning system.Methods Collection of reports of aconite poisoning incidents in surveillance data from 2010 to 2020 with descriptive analysis and spatio-temporal scan analysis was performed.Results From 2010 to 2020,a total of 380 outbreaks of aconite poisoning with 1889 illnesses and 75 deaths were reported in China,with a case fatality rate of 3.97%(75/1889).The highest number of outbreaks occurred from October to December with 787 cumulative illnesses,accounting for 41.66%(787/1889)of all cases.More than 86.84%(330/380)of the outbreaks occurred in Yunnan Province and households accounted for 90.26%(343/380)of all outbreak locations.Improper processing resulting in 171 outbreaks,accounting for 45.00%(171/380).The results of the spatio-temporal scan showed a total of five agglomerative regions,including a category one agglomeration centered in Kunming,Yunnan Province,with an agglomeration period from June 2015 to November 2020,as well as four second-class aggregation areas,including 20 municipalities.Conclusion We should focus on prevention and control in areas with clusters of aconite poisoning,and publicize and popularize high-risk consumption methods to raise awareness on protection and reduce the occurrence of poisoning incidents before the arrival of the high months.

关 键 词：乌头碱 流行病学特征 时空聚集 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]