严格解释路径下多次型加重犯的认定——以“多次抢劫”为切入点  

The Determination of Multiple Aggravated Crimes under the Path of Strict Interpretation

作　　者：梁丹丹 Liang Dandan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心

出　　处：《法治社会》2024年第1期115-126,共12页Law-Based Society

摘　　要：《刑法》第二百六十三条第四项规定的多次抢劫作为情节加重犯,本质上虽属于连续犯和同种数罪,但法定刑却更为严苛,体现了从严立法模式,基于罪责刑相适应原则,应对其进行严格解释。应结合抢劫罪的未完成形态与“次”的认定,对“多次抢劫”的成立条件进行探讨。对于抢劫罪的未遂、中止、预备是否累计次数应区别对待:抢劫未遂原则上应累计,犯罪预备和免除处罚的犯罪中止不累计,减轻处罚的犯罪中止应具体分析认定。在“次”的认定方面,应区分概括的故意和同一的故意。对于多次抢劫行为,应以犯意同一性为基础,结合时间密接性、地点同一性及其他客观因素,区分成立“一次抢劫”的犯罪的连续和成立“多次抢劫”的连续犯。Multiple robbery as aggravated crime stipulated in Article 263(4)of the Criminal Law is essentially a consecutive crime and a number of crimes of the same kind,but the statutory penalty is more stringent,reflecting the strict legislative mode,which should be strictly interpreted based on the principle of equalization of crime and penalty.The establishment conditions of"multiple robberies"should be discussed by combining with the incomplete form of robbery and the determination of"times".The accumulative times of attempted robbery,discontinuance and preparation should be treated differently:attempted robbery should accumulate in principle,crime discontinuance of crime preparation and exemption from penalty should not accumulate and crime discontinuance of mitigated penalty should be specifically analyzed and determined.With regard to the determination of"times",the distinction shall be made between generalized intent and the same intent.In the case of multiple robberies,the distinction shall be made between the establishment of"one robbery"and"multiple robberies"on the basis of the homogeneity of the intent to commit the crime,in conjunction with the closeness in time,the homogeneity of the location and other objective factors.

关 键 词：多次行为 情节加重犯 犯罪停止形态 连续犯 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]