重型汽车空调能耗影响因素试验研究  

Experimental Research on Factors Influencing Energy Consumption of Heavy-duty Vehicles Air Conditioning

作　　者：陆绍悌 李彤 赵健福 李腾腾 姜舒晨 LU Shaoti;LI Tong;ZHAO Jianfu;LI Tengteng;JIANG Shuchen(Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Company Limited,Liuzhou 545005,China;CATARC Automotive Test Center(Tianjin)Company Limited,Tianjin 300300,China;Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]东风柳州汽车有限公司,广西柳州545005 [2]中汽研汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司,天津300300 [3]天津大学,天津300072

出　　处：《汽车实用技术》2024年第2期102-109,共8页Automobile Applied Technology

基　　金：天津检验中心科研课题(TJKY2325008)。

摘　　要：汽车空调作为整车内部主要耗能附件,对车辆实际使用油耗的影响巨大,有着很大的节能潜力。文章基于环境仓、阳光模拟设备、底盘测功机等设备,开展了一台轻型货车不同环境温度、光照强度及测试循环下汽车空调能耗测试试验。研究发现,不同环境条件和测试循环下,测试车辆空调能耗占总燃料消耗量的10%~15%。此外,研究结果表明,相比中国-全球瞬态整车循环(C-WTVC),中国重型车商用车测试工况(CHTC-LT)循环下车辆加减速频繁,发动机瞬态工况较多,导致CHTC-LT总油耗比C-WTVC高,增长3.22%。但是,CHTCLT工况下发动机平均转速较C-WTVC工况低6.15%,低转速下空调压缩机耗能也相应较低,所以CHTC-LT工况下空调油耗比C-WTVC大约降低11.42%。此外,研究发现,汽车空调能耗和含碳污染物排放量与环境温度、光照强度成正比,增加100 W/m2的光照强度会使浸车后的驾驶舱内温度增加2℃左右,并延缓驾驶舱内的温度下降速率,最终导致空调油耗增加约1%。As the primary energy-consuming accessory within the vehicle,the air conditioning system has a significant impact on the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle,holding considerable energy-saving potential.Based on environmental chambers,sunlight simulation devices,chassis dynamometers,etc.,experiments are conducted to test the energy consumption of the air conditioning system of a light-duty truck under different environmental temperatures,light intensities,and testing cycles.The study reveals that under various environmental conditions and testing cycles,the energy consumption of the vehicle's air conditioning system accounts for 10%to 15%of the total fuel consumption.Furthermore,compared to the China-world transient vehicle cycle(C-WTVC),under the China heavy-duty commercial vehicle test cycle-light truck(CHTC-LT),the vehicle experiences frequent acceleration and deceleration,resulting in more transient engine conditions.This leads to a 3.22%increase in the total fuel consumption.However,under the CHTC-LT,the average engine speed is 6.15%lower than that of the C-WTVC.At lower speeds,the energy consum-ption of the air conditioning compressor is correspondingly lower.Therefore,under CHTC-LT,the air conditioning fuel consumption is approximately reduced by 11.42%compared to C-WTVC.Additionally,the study finds that the energy consumption of automotive air conditioning and the emission of carbon pollutants are directly proportional to environmental temperature and light intensity.An increase of 100 W/m2 in light intensity leads to an approximately 1%increase in air conditioning fuel consumption.

关 键 词：重型车 汽车空调 能耗 环境参数 

分 类 号：U473.9[机械工程—车辆工程]