鸟类对广寄生果实的取食和传播作用  

Fruit Foraging and Dispersal of Taxillus chinensis by Birds

作　　者：李仁杰 张伟茵 佟富春[1] LI Ren-jie;ZHANG Wei-yin;TONG Fu-chun

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,广州510642

出　　处：《广东园林》2023年第6期21-24,共4页Guangdong Landscape Architecture

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新专项资金项目:大湾区林业有害植物广寄生发生规律及防控技术研究-广寄生动物传播途径研究(编号:2022KJCX023);华南农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(编号:S202210564074)。

摘　　要：为研究鸟类对广寄生Taxillus chinensis果实的取食情况,于2022年4月24日至12月3日在华南农业大学校园内调查了广寄生宿主种类、在广寄生周围活动的鸟类种类,以及造访广寄生的鸟类种类、次数以及取食广寄生的鸟类种类和取食强度。共发现广寄生宿主植物28种,调查期间共有47种鸟类在广寄生附近活动,其中11种造访广寄生,8种取食广寄生。暗绿绣眼鸟Zosterops japonicus造访频次最多,取食日百分比为27.91%。红胸啄花鸟Dicaeum ignipectus、叉尾太阳鸟Aethopyga christinae、暗绿绣眼鸟、大山雀Parus cinereus取食强度较高,推测它们是校园内广寄生的主要传播者。与广寄生形成竞争关系的植物为楝叶吴萸Tetradium glabrifolium、黄葛树Ficus virens和阴香Cinnamomum burmanni,适当种植这些植物可以在冬天为鸟类提供除广寄生外更多的食物选择,减少鸟类对广寄生的取食。In order to reveal bird feeding condition on Taxillus chinensis,a survey was conducted from 24 April to 3 December 2022 on the campus of South China Agricultural University to find out the host species,the species of birds active around T.chinensis,the species and visiting times of birds visited T.chinensis,as well as the species and ingestion intensity of birds feeding on T.chinensis.A total of 28 species of host plants were found,and a total of 47 species of birds were in the vicinity of T.chinensis during the survey period,of which 11 species visited the trees and 8 species fed on them.The ratio of visiting of Zosterops japonicus was the highest,and the ratio of ingestion days was 27.91%.Dicaeum ignipectus,Aethopyga christinae,Zosterops japonicus and Parus cinereus had higher ingestion intensity,they were presumed to be the main spreaders of T.chinensis on campus.Tetradium glabrifolium,Ficus virens and Cinnamomum burmanni form a competitive relationship with Taxillus chinensis,and proper planting of these plants can provide birds with more food options in winter and reduce bird feeding on T.chinensis.

关 键 词：鸟类 广寄生 取食 种子传播 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q959.7[农业科学—园艺学]