论清末山西票号京师分号兑票发行问题  

On the Issue of Exchange Tickets in Jingshi Branch of Shanxi Piaohao at the End of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：宋梦琪 孟伟[1] Song Mengqi;Meng Wei(School of History and Culture,Shanxi University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学历史文化学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《河北经贸大学学报》2024年第1期96-108,F0003,共14页Journal of Hebei University of Economics and Business

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“山西票号原始文献整理研究与遗存保护数据库建设”(20&ZD065);国家社科基金冷门“绝学”研究专项“票号民间文献整理、释读与研究”(19VJX028)。

摘　　要：晚清最后数十年中,山西票号京师分号曾发行过横竖两种形制的兑票,此类票帖在清政府默许下依托票号信用在京师本地市场中广泛流通,可执行流通手段与支付手段的职能,从性质上看已属于信用货币的范畴。此类兑票与市面上流通的其他本票型银票有很大相似性,但与票号自身在汇兑业务中使用的汇票又有本质不同。就票号自身而言,兑票的发行是京师分号进行的重大金融创新,背后建立有完善的管理制度。广泛流通的兑票补充和延伸了山西票号京师分号在本地市场开展的各项业务,大大缓解了分号缺银的难题,但挤兑和滥发等问题也对其自身产生了负面影响。就传统金融机构不断创新的视角来看,我们不能忽视在社会变迁的大背景下,中西金融机构有各自产生及生存的土壤,中国传统金融机构在面对复杂的社会环境时并未故步自封,反而不断进行创新以满足逐渐提高的金融需要,因此在评判和定性相关问题时既不能一味地否定批判,也不能照搬西方理论,应回归其自身进行分析研究。In the last decades of the late Qing Dynasty,Jingshi Branch of Shanxi Piaohao had issued two kinds of exchange tickets in the form of horizontal and vertical notes.With the acquiescence of the Qing government,such tickets were widely circulated in the local market of Jingshi relying on the credit of the Piaohao.They can perform the functions of circulation and payment methods.In nature,they belong to the category of credit currency.This kind of exchange ticket is very similar to other promissory note silver bills circulating in the market,but it is essentially different from the drafts used by the Piaohao itself in the exchange business.As far as the Piaohao itself is concerned,the issuance of the exchange ticket is a major financial innovation carried out by the Jingshi branch,and a perfect management system is established behind it.The widely circulated exchange tickets supplement and extend the business of the Jingshi branch of Shanxi Piaohao in the local market,which greatly alleviates the problem of silver shortage,but the problems of disorderly redemption and abuse in Piaohao also have a negative impact on itself.From the perspective of continuous innovation by traditional financial institutions,we should not ignore that in the context of social changes,Chinese and Western financial institutions have their own soil for production and survival.Chinese traditional financial institutions have not been complacent in the face of complex social environment,but continue to innovate to meet the increasing financial needs.Therefore,in judging and characterizing related issues,we can neither blindly deny criticism,nor copy Western theories,and should return to their own analysis and research.

关 键 词：兑票 山西票号京师分号 信用货币 金融创新 

分 类 号：F832.9[经济管理—金融学]