荒漠绿洲区土壤生态化学计量特征及驱动因素  

Ecological stoichiometric characteristics of soil and relevant driving factors of desert oasis region

作　　者：刘靖宇 尹芳[3] 刘磊[1] 蒋磊 郭帅 LIU Jing-yu;YIN Fang;LIU Lei;JIANG Lei;GUO Shuai(School of Earth Science and Resources,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Urumqi Natural Resources Integrated Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Urumqi 830057,China;School of Land Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,陕西西安710054 [2]中国地质调查局乌鲁木齐自然资源综合调查中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830057 [3]长安大学土地工程学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第1期300-309,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20220872,DD20191026);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42071258);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(300102353501)。

摘　　要：通过研究塔里木盆地东北缘绿洲区耕地、园地、林地和裸地中土壤养分元素含量特征,分析了荒漠绿洲区不同土地利用方式对土壤生态化学计量特征的影响,以期为脆弱生态系统土壤质量和功能评价提供参考依据.结果表明:①研究区土壤中TN、SOC含量处于缺乏状态,TP含量处于正常水平,TK含量较为丰富;pH值呈现“西北高、东南低”的分布格局,与其他元素的空间分布格局表现出一定的负相关关系.②TC、SOC、TP、TN含量在耕地中最高,裸地中最低,不同土地利用方式中TK含量差异性不显著.TC、SOC、TN、TP“表聚效应”明显,随土层深度的增加含量减少;pH值随土层深度的增加而增加;TK含量在不同深度变化不明显.③4种土地利用方式中,w(C):w(N)大小依次为裸地>园地>林地>耕地,w(C):w(P)大小依次为园地>林地>裸地>耕地,w(N):w(P)大小依次为园地>耕地>裸地>林地.不同土壤深度上,w(C):w(N)随土层深度的增加而增加,w(N):w(P)随土层深度的增加而减少,w(C):w(P)无明显变化规律.④生态化学计量特征累计方差解释量为91.66%,其中TN对土壤生态化学计量特征的重要性最高,解释量为53.5%.综上,通过提高氮磷复合肥的施用及引种固氮植物等方式,可缓解干旱绿洲区土壤养分元素缺乏的现象.By studying the characteristics of soil nutrient content in arable land,garden land,forest land,and bare land in the desert oasis area of the northeastern edge of the Tarim Basin,the influence of different land use types on soil ecological stoichiometry was analyzed to provide a reference basis for evaluating the quality and function of soils in fragile ecosystems.The results showed that:①The soil of the study area was deficient in TN and SOC,normal in TP,and rich in TK.The pH showed a distribution pattern of“high in the northwest and low in the southeast,”which was negatively correlated with the spatial distribution pattern of other elements.②The contents of TC,SOC,TP,and TN were highest in cultivated land and lowest in bare land,but there were no appreciable differences in the content of TK across different land use modes.The TC,SOC,TN,and TP had an obvious“surface aggregation effect”,and their contents reduced with the increase of soil depth;on the contrary,the pH increased with the increase of soil depth.The change in TK content was not obvious at different depths.③Among the four landuse modes,w(C):w(N)was in the order of bare land>garden land>forest land>cultivated land,w(C):w(P)was in the order of garden land>forest land>bare land>cultivated land,and w(N):w(P)was in the order of garden land>cultivated land>bare land>forest land.On different soil depths,w(C):w(N)increased with the increase of soil depth,w(N):w(P)decreased with the increase of soil depth,and w(C):w(P)didn't show a clear pattern of variation.The cumulative variance explained by ecolog④ical chemometric traits was 91.66%,of which TN had the highest importance,with a proportion of 53.5%.Therefore,the deficiency of soil nutrient elements in the arid oasis area ccould be alleviated by improving the application of nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizers and introducing nitrogenfixing plants.

关 键 词：荒漠绿洲过渡带 土地利用方式 生态化学计量 土壤养分 影响因素 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]