聚硅氧烷包覆改性聚磷酸铵及其阻燃聚乙烯性能的研究  

Study on properties of modified ammonium polyphosphate coated with polysiloxane and its flame retardancy on polyethylene

作　　者：赵晓波 王国泰 梁淑君[3] ZHAO Xiaobo;WANG Guotai;LIANG Shujun(School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Department of Materials Engineering,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008,China;Discipline Construction Office,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030051 [2]太原工业学院材料工程系,太原030008 [3]太原工业学院学科建设办公室,太原030008

出　　处：《中国塑料》2024年第1期86-91,共6页China Plastics

摘　　要：分别以二甲基二乙氧基硅烷(DMDES)、甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)、苯基三甲氧基硅烷(PTMS)3种硅氧烷与正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)共同作为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺对聚磷酸铵(APP)进行微胶囊化包覆改性,分别制备得到改性聚磷酸铵APP/DMDES、APP/MTES和APP/PTMS,以改善其阻燃性、热稳定性和疏水性。通过傅里叶红外光谱、水接触角、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪以及热失重分析等测试与表征手段,对3种不同聚硅氧烷包覆改性聚磷酸铵(MAPP)进行了对比研究,并研究了MAPP对低密度聚乙烯(PE-LD)阻燃性能、力学性能和热性能的影响。结果表明,在合适的工艺条件下,均可以制备得到聚硅氧烷包覆改性聚磷酸铵;较改性前的APP,改性聚磷酸铵的疏水性和热稳定性均显著提高;在PE-LD/APP/PTMS/季戊四醇(PER)/三聚氰胺(MEL)的质量比为65/18.7/11.7/4.6时,PELD复合材料的综合性能最好,极限氧指数为26.6%,高于包覆前APP的23.3%,达到UL 94 V-0级别,且拉伸性能最高,为12.84 MPa。The microencapsulation modification of ammonium polyphosphate(APP)was performed to prepare the modi-fied APP/DMDES,APP/MTES,and APP/PTMS for enhancing their flame retardancy,thermal stability and hydro-phobicity through a sol-gel process using tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS)as a main precursor and dimethylldiethoxysilane(DMDES),methyltriethoxysilane(MTES),and phenyltrimethoxysilane(PTMS)as co-precursors.The structures and performance of the resulting APP coated with polysiloxane was investigated by using Fourier-transformation infrared spectroscopy,water contact angle,scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer,and thermogravimet-ric analysis.The effects of modified APP on the flame retardancy,mechanical and thermal properties of low-density poly-ethylene(PE-LD)were also studied.The results showed that polysiloxane-coated modified APP could be prepared un-der suitable processing conditions,and its hydrophobicity and thermal stability of the modified ammonium polyphosphate were significantly improved compared to pristine APP.As a PE-LD/APP/PTMS/pentaeritritol/melamin mass ratio of 65/18.7/11.7/4.6,the PE-LD composite exhibited the best overall performance with a limiting oxygen index of 26.6 vol%,which is 23.3%higher than that of pristine APP.The composite also reached a UL 94 V-0 level in the vertical burning test and obtain the highest tensile strength of 12.84 MPa.

关 键 词：聚磷酸铵 聚硅氧烷 微胶囊化 低密度聚乙烯 阻燃 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]