肥胖引起血脑屏障功能障碍的表型和机制研究进展  

Research progress of the phenotypes and mechanisms of obesity-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction

作　　者：冯梓莹 方程(综述) 畅君雷(审校) FENG Ziying;FANG Cheng;CHANG Junlei(Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院生物医药与技术研究所,广东深圳518055 [2]中国科学院大学深圳先进技术学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《中风与神经疾病杂志》2024年第1期18-23,F0003,共7页Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32170985);深圳市基础研究重点项目(JCYJ20210324115800003)。

摘　　要：肥胖是多种神经系统疾病的风险因素,全面了解肥胖对中枢神经系统的有害影响对预防和治疗肥胖相关的神经系统疾病有重要意义。血脑屏障是存在于血液和脑组织之间的调节界面,可防止有害物质进入大脑并清除脑组织产生的代谢废物,对脑微环境稳态平衡和神经生理功能具有重要作用。然而,大量研究表明肥胖可引起血脑屏障功能障碍,直接或间接促进了多种神经系统疾病的发生发展。本文系统总结了肥胖状态下血脑屏障功能障碍的表型和机制的最新研究进展,从血脑屏障通透性改变、转运功能障碍和神经炎症3个方面,分析了肥胖引起血脑屏障功能障碍的具体表型和调控机制,阐述了肥胖对血脑屏障功能的有害影响,以期为相关领域的基础研究和临床实践提供理论指导。Obesity is a risk factor for various neurological diseases,and a comprehensive understanding of its harmful effects on the central nervous system is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related neurological diseases.The blood-brain barrier(BBB)is a regulatory interface between blood and the brain tissue,which can prevent harmful substances from entering the brain while eliminating metabolic wastes from the brain tissue.It plays an important role in cerebral microenvironment homeostasis and physiological function.However,a large number of studies have shown that obesity can cause dysfunction of the BBB,directly or indirectly promoting the development and progression of various neurological diseases.This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress on the phenotypes and mechanisms of BBB dysfunction in obesity.From the aspects of altered BBB permeability,transport dysfunction,and neuroinflammation,we present the specific phenotypes of BBB dysfunction caused by obesity and regulatory mechanisms,and discuss the harmful effects of obesity on BBB function,aiming to provide theoretical guidance for relevant basic research and clinical practice.

关 键 词：肥胖 血脑屏障 血管通透性 神经炎症 神经系统疾病 

分 类 号：R743[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]