基于TPB模型的高职学生创业意向及其影响因素研究——以上海两所高职院校为例  

A Study on Higher Vocational Students’Entrepreneurial Intention and Its Influencing Factors Based on TPB Model:Taking Two Higher Vocational Colleges in Shanghai as an Examples

作　　者：沈青青 冯江华[1] SHEN Qingqing;FENG Jianghua(Institute of Economics and Management,Shanghai Technical Institute of Electronics Information,Shanghai 201512,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电子信息职业技术学院经济与管理学院,上海201512

出　　处：《科技和产业》2024年第1期42-47,共6页Science Technology and Industry

基　　金：中国高等教育学会2022年度高等教育科学研究规划课题(22CX0414)。

摘　　要：基于上海市2所高职院校的639份有效问卷进行实证分析,通过构建计划行为理论(TPB)模型,结合个体创业意向量表(IEIS),重点研究创业态度、创业自我效能、创业主观规范以及创业教育等四维度对创业意向的影响。结果显示:各维度与创业意向间均呈显著性正相关关系,创业态度、创业自我效能、创业主观规范在创业教育对创业意向的影响中起显著中介效应;学校支持作为最重要的外部资源,需在创业机会识别、团队管理能力以及创业价值观上加强对学生的教育和引导;家族或自身有创业相关经历和资源将对创业意向产生显著性促进作用;重点关注中高职贯通班、大三学生和男生等特定群体,深挖其已有的创业项目和创业需求,通过打造典型创业案例,提升总体创业意向。Based on 639 valid questionnaires from two higher vocational colleges in Shanghai,an empirical analysis is conducted.By constructing a theory of planned behavior(TPB)model and combining with the individual entrepreneurial intention scale(IEIS),it focuses on the influence of entrepreneurial attitude,entrepreneurial self-efficacy,entrepreneurial subjective norms and entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intention.The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between each dimension and entrepreneurial intention,and entrepreneurial attitude,entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial subjective norms play a significant mediating role in the influence of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intention.As the most important external resource,school support needs to strengthen the education and guidance of students in the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities,team management ability and entrepreneurial values.The family or their own entrepreneurial experience and resources will significantly promote entrepreneurial intention.It is suggested to focus on specific groups such as middle and higher vocational students,junior students and boys,dig deep into their existing entrepreneurial projects and entrepreneurial needs,and enhance the overall entrepreneurial intention by creating typical entrepreneurial cases.

关 键 词：计划行为理论(TPB)模型 创业意向 创业教育 影响因素 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理] G717.38[经济管理—国民经济]